Variation in Deoxynivalenol, 15-Acetyldeoxynivalenol, 3-Acetyldeoxynivalenol, and Zearalenone Production by
            <i>Fusarium graminearum</i>
            Isolates

Mirocha, C. J.; Abbas, H. K.; Windels, Carol E.; Xie, Weiping

doi:10.1128/aem.55.5.1315-1316.1989

Cited by 104 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…For F. graminearum, the predominant trichothecene chemotypes recognized are DON and 3ADON, DON and 15ADON, NIV or NX-2 (Ward et al, 2002;Varga et al, 2015). In addition, some F. graminearum strains are also able to produce ZEN (Mirocha et al, 1989). In wheat head colonization by F. graminearum, there is a significant and positive correlation between trichothecene production and aggressiveness (Goswami & Kistler, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichothecene production is detrimental to early root colonization by Fusarium culmorum and F. graminearum in fusarium crown and root rot of wheat

et al. 2018

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Fusarium culmorum (Fc) and F. graminearum (Fg) belong to the predominant causal agents of fusarium crown and root rot (FCR) in wheat. While many studies have been done to investigate crown rot, including stem base infection, root colonization and mycotoxin production associated with root rot is not well understood. In this study the impact of mycotoxins on the colonization of wheat roots and stem bases was analysed by using Fc and Fg isolates that varied in both quantity and types of trichothecenes they produce. Seedling inoculations in growth chambers with a high deoxynivalenol (DON)‐ and 3‐acetyldeoxynivalenol (3ADON)‐producing isolate led to more severe symptoms and 20‐times greater colonization of the stem base, as measured by Fc DNA accumulation, than isolates that produced less DON/3ADON. In contrast to stem base colonization, in vitro inoculations of roots with a Tri5 deletion mutant deficient in Fg trichothecene production led to three‐times higher colonization than the wildtype. Furthermore, an Fc isolate that produced low levels of zearalenone resulted in twice the level of colonization of a high DON/3ADON‐producing isolate included in the study. When root inoculation with a low DON/3ADON‐producing Fc isolate was supplemented with exogenous DON, DON production decreased by more than half per unit weight of Fc DNA, and root colonization doubled compared to the untreated control. Therefore, in contrast to its potential role as an aggressiveness factor in stem base infection, trichothecene production by Fc and Fg is detrimental to the early stages of wheat root colonization in FCR.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichothecene production is detrimental to early root colonization by Fusarium culmorum and F. graminearum in fusarium crown and root rot of wheat

et al. 2018

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“…In addition to reducing grain yield and quality, FHB may result in grain contaminated with mycotoxins harmful to humans and animals (5,54,67). The most common mycotoxins produced by F. graminearum are trichothecenes such as deoxynivalenol (DON), 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON), 15acetyldeoxynivalenol , and nivalenol (NIV), as well as an estrogenic mycotoxin, zearalenone (ZEA) (1,5,46,47,54,67).…”

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confidence: 99%

Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis, Trichothecene Chemotype Patterns, and Variation in Aggressiveness of Fusarium Isolates Causing Head Blight in Wheat

et al. 2012

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Certain Fusarium species cause Fusarium head blight (FHB) in wheat and other small grains. Differences in characteristics of the pathogen species/isolates used in breeding programs may affect reaction of host genotypes, leading to erroneous results. To clarify differences among Fusarium isolates from different geographical zones, the phylogenetic, chemotypic, and pathogenic abilities of 58 isolates collected from three wheat-producing countries (Canada, Mexico, and Iran) were investigated. Phylogenetic relationships among the isolates were characterized using the Tri101 gene sequence. All Canadian and Iranian isolates clustered in one group and were identified as F. graminearum lineage 7 (=F. graminearum sensu stricto) within the F. graminearum (Fg) clade. The isolates from Mexico were identified as either F. graminearum lineage 3 (=Fusarium boothii) within the Fg clade or Fusarium crookwellense. A polymerase chain reaction assay based on the Tri12 gene identified three trichothecene chemotypes of 15-ADON, 3- ADON, and NIV, with 15-ADON being the most common. All F. boothii isolates from Mexico were of the 15-ADON chemotype, while all F. crookwellense isolates were determined to be NIV producers. While we did not find the NIV chemotype among the Canadian isolates, 25.6% of the Iranian isolates were determined to be NIV producers. High level of variation in aggressiveness was also observed among and within the species tested: F. graminearum sensu stricto isolates were the most aggressive, followed by those of F. boothii, and lastly by F. crookwellense. The differences observed among the isolates may explain why wheat lines/cultivars demonstrate different reactions to FHB in different geographical zones.

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“…The mycotoxin most often associated with fusarium head blight is deoxynivalenol (DON), although acetylated analogs of DON may also be present. F. graminearum can produce both 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-acetylDON) and in addition to DON in cultures (Mirocha et al 1989) and in field crops. This poses a potential problem for consumers since these acetylated analogs possess a higher oral toxicity than DON itself (Ueno andIshii 1985, Forsell et al 1987).…”

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confidence: 99%

Fusarium Species and 8‐Keto‐Trichothecene Mycotoxins in Manitoba Barley

Abramson

Clear²,

Usleber³

et al. 1998

Cereal Chem

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Cereal Chem. 75(1):137-141 Fusarium head blight, induced primarily by Fusarium graminearum, resulted in widespread damage to the Manitoba barley crops of 1993 and 1994, with contamination by deoxynivalenol (DON) and other 8-ketotrichothecenes. Visible Fusarium mold in samples of 1994 barley had little relationship to DON levels in the kernel as determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). While samples of 1993 and 1994 barley showed a weak correlation between the logarithm of DON level and percentage of kernels infected by Fusarium graminearum (r = 0.79 and 0.71, respectively), the latter method is too lengthy and requires too much training for commercial application. A commercial enzyme immunoassay for DON gave results that correlated well with GC-MS methods (r = 0.95 and 0.89, respectively) in samples of 1993 and 1994 barley and afforded a rapid and convenient method for screening. In barley samples from 1994, DON, 15-acetylDON, 3-acetylDON and 3,15-diacetylDON were detected in the approximate ratio of 47:4:1:1. In view of the higher oral toxicities of 15-acetylDON and 3-acetylDON relative to DON, and the unknown oral toxicity of 3,15-diacetylDON, GC-MS assays might be advisable in samples positive for DON from enzyme immunoassay screening.

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Variation in Deoxynivalenol, 15-Acetyldeoxynivalenol, 3-Acetyldeoxynivalenol, and Zearalenone Production by Fusarium graminearum Isolates

Cited by 104 publications

References 12 publications

Trichothecene production is detrimental to early root colonization by Fusarium culmorum and F. graminearum in fusarium crown and root rot of wheat

Trichothecene production is detrimental to early root colonization by Fusarium culmorum and F. graminearum in fusarium crown and root rot of wheat

Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis, Trichothecene Chemotype Patterns, and Variation in Aggressiveness of Fusarium Isolates Causing Head Blight in Wheat

Fusarium Species and 8‐Keto‐Trichothecene Mycotoxins in Manitoba Barley

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