Variation in Cutaneous Glandular Structures in Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus)

Mossing, Torgny; Källquist, Lollo

doi:10.2307/1380407

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…The activity of many cutaneous glandular complexes showed systematic seasonal variations related to sexual hormone cycles. In particular, the amount of apocrine tissue can be related to the androgen level in the blood (Mossing & Källquist 1981). This agrees with the findings of Boitani et al (1994), who reported that during the reproductive period the home ranges of females overlapped extensively, while those of males appeared to be more exclusive.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The dried sections were stained with Haematoxylin-Eosin, Masson trichrome and PAS, mounted in Eukitt (Kindler, GmbH, Freiburg) and observed under a Zeiss light microscope with a calibrated eyepiece. Following Mossing & Källquist (1981), the level of development of each gland was determined morphometrically by measuring at the three levels the gland thickness (GT), the number of tubules per area (TN), and the outer diameter of 10 tubules (OTD) in each part of the gland. GT was measured as the maximum value on a plane orthogonal to the coating epithelium.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The carpal gland in wild swine: Functional evaluations

Bacchetta

Mantecca

Lattuada

et al. 2007

Italian Journal of Zoology

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The carpal organ is a glandular complex implicated in scent communication. To investigate its ethological significance, morpho-functional evaluations were conducted on 67 glands collected from animals of different ages and sex during the 2002 hunting season (October-December) in the Bergamo district, Northern Italy. All samples were histologically and morphometrically examined to determine gland surface and thickness, number of secretory tubules per area and outer diameter of the tubules. Comparative analyses revealed significant differences in the above parameters between sub-adults and adults for both sexes, but no differences were found between adult males and females. However, when all specimens were pooled, males revealed more developed and functional glands than females, with the oldest males having the highest values of gland surface, gland thickness and tubule diameter. Our findings suggest that this organ plays a relevant role in social communication by producing chemical signals involved in territorial definition as well as reproduction.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The carpal gland in wild swine: Functional evaluations

Bacchetta

Mantecca

Lattuada

et al. 2007

Italian Journal of Zoology

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“…Det senare utgors av vissa specifika beteenden, som endast sållan utfores under andra tider av året. Alla dessa aggressiva och sexuella beteenden har sin funktion i konkurrensen om vajor och for parning (Mossing 1980).…”

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Rutting season in domestic reindeer - weight development and androgen variation

Inga¹

1984

Ran

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In order to describe weight development and androgen variation in reindeer bulls of the forest type during the rutting season data were collected on carcass weight, weight of m sterno cepbalicus and omentum majus. Blood samples were taken for analysis of testosterone. Sampling and material collection was carried out during 22/8 - 4/11, 1983 (N=100) in the area around Arvidsjaure (65,5° N lat) in Sweden. The concentration of testosterone during the pre-rut (22/8 - 22/9) was an average of ~10 - 25 ng/ml plasma for the oldest creatures, while 2 1/2 - 3 1/2 year olds was ~5 - 10 ng/ml plasma. During the most active rutting period (27/9 - 7/10) the testosterone concentration was at highest level, which is shown by two bulls (one 5 1/2 years old and one older) who each had ~170 ng/ml plasma. After the rutting period the testosterone concentration for all age groups lay at ~1 ng/ml plasma. The weight of m sterno cepbalicus demonstrated the clearest correlation with testosterone. This correlation was particulary evident in the older bulls (3 1/2 years and older) while it was completely missing in the youngest. The muscle showed an regular weight increase, both in absolute and relative figures. In the oldest bulls the muscle weight doubled from the pre-rut to the most active rutting period.

Brunstperioden hos tamren - viktutveckling och androgen variation.

Abstract in Swedish / Sammanfattning: For att beskriva viktutveckling och androgenvariation hos sarvar av skogsren under brunstperioden insamlades uppgifter om slaktvikt, vikt hos m stemo cephalicus och omentum majus. Blodprover togs for analys av testoteron. Materialinsamlingen skedde under tiden 22/8 - 4/11 1983 (N= 100) runt Arvidsjaure (65,5°N lat) Sverige. Testosteronkoncentrationen under forbrunsten (22/8 - 22/9) var hos de aldsta i medeltal ~10-25 ng/ml plasma, medan 2 1/2 - 31/2 åringars halt var ~5 - 10 ng/ml plasma. Under stimtiden (27/9 - 7/10) var testosteronkoncentrationen hogst, vilket framgår av att två sarvar (en 5 1/2 år och en aldre) hade ~170 ng/ml plasma vardera. Efter brunstperioden var testosteronkoncentrationen låg i samtliga åldersklasser, ~1 ng/ml plasma. Vikten hos m stemo cephalicus visade det klaraste sambandet med androgen. Detta samband fanns sårskilt hos aldre sarvar (3 1/2 år och aldre) medan det saknades helt hos de yngsta. Muskeln visade en entydig viktokning både i absoluta och relativa tal. Hos de aldsta sarvarna fordubblades muskelns vikt från forbrunst till stimtid.

Porojen kiima-aika - painonkehitys ja androgenin vaihtelu.

Abstract in Finnish / Yhteenveto: Urosporojen painonkehityksen ja androgenin vaihtelun kuvailemiscksi kiima-aikana kerâttiin tietoja teuraspainosta, m sterno cephalicus - ja omentum majus-painosta. Verikokeita otettiin testostcronin analyysia varten. Aineiston keråys (N = 100) tapahtui 22/8 - 4/11 1983 valisenâ aikana Arvidsjauren seuduilla (65,5 °P. lev.), Ruotsissa. Testosteronikonsentraatio kiim...

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“…Seasonal fluctuations of the preorbital gland in reindeer (Rangifer trandus) and preputial and metatarsal glands in fallow deer (Dama dama) are considered to be stimulated by androgens and estrogens because these glands develop during rutting season (Kennaugh et al 1977;Mossing and Källquist 1981). In contrast, since the fallow deer metatarsal gland becomes well-developed post rut rather than during rutting, glandular function appears to be depressed by breeding activities and increased levels of testosterone (Apollonio and Vailati 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of prolactin receptor (PRL-R) mRNA in the caudal gland of Hokkaido sika deer (<i>Cervus nippon yesoensis</i> Heude, 1884)

Suzuki¹,

Kamewaka²,

Yamanaka³

et al. 2001

Can. J. Zool.

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We applied the in situ hybridization technique to the Hokkaido sika deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis) caudal glands using probes designed from the red deer (Cervus elaphus) prolactin receptor cDNA. Prolactin receptor mRNA expression was consistently detected in the secretory epithelial cells collected from fawns and lactating hinds. This suggests that the presence of developed caudal glands during late pregnancy and lactation may be caused by increased blood levels of prolactin. During late pregnancy and lacation, visual range is limited for deer in forests and grasslands because of the flourishing leaves and sprigs. Therefore, we suggest that the scent emitted from the caudal gland in a particular season coordinates with and reinforces the visual alarm effect of the rump patch and tail.Résumé : Nous avons utilisé une technique d'hybridation in situ dans les glandes caudales du Cerf sika d'Hokkaido (Cervus nippon yesoensis) au moyen de sondes conçues à partir de l'ADNc du récepteur de la prolactine du Cerf commun (Cervus elaphus). L'expression de l'ARNm du récepteur de la prolactine est détectée systématiquement dans les cellules sécrétrices épithéliales recueillies chez des faons et des femelles nourricières, ce qui indique que la présence de glandes caudales bien développées à la fin de la grossesse et au cours de l'allaitement est peut-être attribuable à une augmentation des concentrations de prolactine dans le sang. Au cours de cette période, le champ visuel des cerfs est réduit dans les forêts et les prairies envahies par la végétation croissante. Nous croyons qu'alors, l'odeur émise par les glandes caudales se combine aux signaux d'alerte visuels, la queue et la tache à la croupe, et les renforce.[Traduit par la Rédaction] 419 Suzuki et al.

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Variation in Cutaneous Glandular Structures in Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus)

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

The carpal gland in wild swine: Functional evaluations

The carpal gland in wild swine: Functional evaluations

Rutting season in domestic reindeer - weight development and androgen variation

Expression of prolactin receptor (PRL-R) mRNA in the caudal gland of Hokkaido sika deer (<i>Cervus nippon yesoensis</i> Heude, 1884)

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