Variation in amino acid content and its relationship to nitrogen content and growth rate in <i><scp>U</scp>lva ohnoi</i> (<scp>C</scp>hlorophyta)

Angell, Alex R.; Mata, Leónardo; Nys, Rocky de; Paul, Nicholas A.

doi:10.1111/jpy.12154

Cited by 59 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Another beneficial feature of macroalgae is their nutritional plasticity, such that the content of mineral, protein and lipids can be manipulated to yield a biomass with the desired characteristics for specific ruminant feed supplements (Angell et al 2014;Neveux et al 2014b). The main constraint in extensive ruminant production systems, particularly in the dry season, is maintaining the supply of protein and energy throughout an animal's growth and reproductive cycles.…”

Section: Matching Protein and Energy Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential of macroalgae for beef production systems in Northern Australia

et al. 2014

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The extensive grazing systems across northern Australia support approximately 50 % of the national beef herd. Livestock productivity is affected by seasonal variation in pasture quality and quantity. Intensifying livestock production in the north is a challenge, but has been recognised as priority for the Australian economy. Macroalgae offer a sustainable and novel dietary supplement for cattle due to its high nutrient value and biomass production, which are generally superior to forages used in ruminant production systems. This paper highlights some of the existing literature associated with the use of macroalgae for beef cattle and discusses the potential of green freshwater (Cladophora vagabunda, Oedogonium sp., Spirogyra sp.) and marine macroalgae (Cladophora coelothrix, Derbesia tenuissima, Ulva ohnoi) as feed supplements in northern Australian livestock production systems. Crude protein content of the six species of green macroalgae discussed here ranged from 75.4 to 339.1 g kg −1 dry weight (DW). Dietary mineral limitations in northern livestock production systems include phosphorous (P), sulfur (S) and nitrogen. Four of the six macroalgae species had high P content, ranging from 1.4 to 5 g kg −1 DW. Sulfur varied between species, ranging from 2.9 to 57.5 g kg −1 DW, with marine macroalgae having a higher sulfur concentration than freshwater macroalgae. This review demonstrates that green macroalgae have considerable potential to supply a high-protein, high-phosphorous feed supplement for northern livestock production systems dependent on extensive unimproved pastures.

show abstract

Section: Matching Protein and Energy Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential of macroalgae for beef production systems in Northern Australia

et al. 2014

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The fundamental role of nitrogen and protein in the nutrition, physiology and ecology of seaweeds has been a key research topic for decades (Dawes et al 1974;Rosell and Srivastava 1985;Hurd et al 1996;McGlathery et al 1996;Harrison and Hurd 2001;Nelson et al 2008;Angell et al 2014). However, the nitrogen and protein content of seaweeds has more recently become a focus of applied research (Harnedy and FitzGerald 2011;Boland et al 2012), in particular for applications where the biochemical composition of species must be well characterised.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The protein content of seaweeds: a universal nitrogen-to-protein conversion factor of five

et al. 2015

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A global drive to source additional and sustainable biomass for the production of protein has resulted in a renewed interest in the protein content of seaweeds. However, to determine accurately the potential of seaweeds as a source of protein requires reliable quantitative methods. This article systematically analysed the literature to assess the approaches and methods of protein determination and to provide an evidence-based conversion factor for nitrogen to protein that is specific to seaweeds. Almost 95 % of studies on seaweeds determined protein either by direct extraction procedures (42 % of all studies) or by applying an indirect nitrogen-to-protein conversion factor of 6.25 (52 % of all studies), with the latter as the most widely used method in the last 6 years. Meta-analysis of the true protein content, defined as the sum of the proteomic amino acids, demonstrated that direct extraction procedures underestimated protein content by 33 %, while the most commonly used indirect nitrogen-to-protein conversion factor of 6.25 over-estimated protein content by 43 %. We therefore determined whether a single nitrogen-to-protein conversion factor could be used for seaweeds and evaluated how robust this would be by analysing the variation in this factor for 103 species across 44 studies that span three phyla, multiple geographic regions and a range of nitrogen contents. An overall median nitrogen-to-protein conversion factor of 4.97 was established and an overall mean nitrogen-to-protein conversion factor of 4.76. We propose that the overall median value of 5 be used as the most accurate universal seaweed nitrogen-to-protein (SNP) conversion factor.

show abstract

“…As asparagine is hydrolysed to aspartic acid and glutamine to glutamic acid during analysis, the sum of these amino acids was reported as asparagine/aspartic acid or glutamic acid/glutamine. Cysteine tryptophan and taurine were not analysed as these require different analytical methods and represent only a very small fraction (<2%) of the total amino acids present in green macroalgae (Angell, Mata, de Nys, & Paul, 2014; Angell, Pirozzi, De Nys, & Paul, 2012). The amino acid productivities (g DW m −2 day −1 ) of each strain were calculated for each treatment by multiplying the DW productivity of each replicate from week 12 and 16 of the experiment by its amino acid content (mg g algal/DW).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical evolution in response to intensive harvesting in algae: Evolution of quality and quantity

Marshall

Lawton

Monro

et al. 2018

Evolutionary Applications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Evolutionary responses to indirect selection pressures imposed by intensive harvesting are increasingly common. While artificial selection has shown that biochemical components can show rapid and dramatic evolution, it remains unclear as to whether intensive harvesting can inadvertently induce changes in the biochemistry of harvested populations. For applications such as algal culture, many of the desirable bioproducts could evolve in response to harvesting, reducing cost‐effectiveness, but experimental tests are lacking. We used an experimental evolution approach where we imposed heavy and light harvesting regimes on multiple lines of an alga of commercial interest for twelve cycles of harvesting and then placed all lines in a common garden regime for four cycles. We have previously shown that lines in a heavy harvesting regime evolve a “live fast” phenotype with higher growth rates relative to light harvesting regimes. Here, we show that algal biochemistry also shows evolutionary responses, although they were temporarily masked by differences in density under the different harvesting regimes. Heavy harvesting regimes, relative to light harvesting regimes, had reduced productivity of desirable bioproducts, particularly fatty acids. We suggest that commercial operators wishing to maximize productivity of desirable bioproducts should maintain mother cultures, kept at higher densities (which tend to select for desirable phenotypes), and periodically restart their intensively harvested cultures to minimize the negative consequences of biochemical evolution. Our study shows that the burgeoning algal culture industry should pay careful attention to the role of evolution in intensively harvested crops as these effects are nontrivial if subtle.

show abstract

Variation in amino acid content and its relationship to nitrogen content and growth rate in Ulva ohnoi (Chlorophyta)

Cited by 59 publications

References 37 publications

The potential of macroalgae for beef production systems in Northern Australia

The potential of macroalgae for beef production systems in Northern Australia

The protein content of seaweeds: a universal nitrogen-to-protein conversion factor of five

Biochemical evolution in response to intensive harvesting in algae: Evolution of quality and quantity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About