Variation in Activity State, Axonal Projection, and Position Define the Transcriptional Identity of Individual Neocortical Projection Neurons

Chevée, Maxime; Robertson, Johanna D.; Cannon, Gabrielle H.; Brown, Solange P.; Goff, Loyal A.

doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2017.12.046

Cited by 72 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(95 reference statements)

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“…To obtain a detailed transcriptional profile of single RPCs over the course of retinal neurogenesis, we first performed single cell RNA-sequencing on FACS-isolated Chx10-GFP + mouse RPCs (Rowan and Cepko, 2004), using an adapted Smart-Seq2 protocol (Chevee et al, 2018) at embryonic (E) days 14 and 18, and postnatal (P) day 2, which correspond to early, intermediate and late stages of retinal neurogenesis, respectively ( Figure 1B). Analysis of 780 individual RPCs profiled to a depth of ~750,000 aligned fragments per cell (mean 762,726; sd 291,612.5; Figure S1A-D) revealed that these cells resolved into three major clusters that express canonical RPC markers (e.g.…”

Section: Examination Of Retinal Progenitor Cell Heterogeneity Via Smamentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive analysis of retinal development at single cell resolution identifies NFI factors as essential for mitotic exit and specification of late-born cells

Clark¹,

Stein-O’Brien

Shiau³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Precise temporal control of gene expression in neuronal progenitors is necessary for correct regulation of neurogenesis and cell fate specification. However, the extensive cellular heterogeneity of the developing CNS has posed a major obstacle to identifying the gene regulatory networks that control these processes. To address this, we used single cell RNA-sequencing to profile ten developmental stages encompassing the full course of retinal neurogenesis. This allowed us to comprehensively characterize changes in gene expression that occur during initiation of neurogenesis, changes in developmental competence, and specification and differentiation of each of the major retinal cell types. These data identify transitions in gene expression between early and latestage retinal progenitors, as well as a classification of neurogenic progenitors. We identify here the NFI family of transcription factors (Nfia, Nfib, and Nfix) as genes with enriched expression within late RPCs, and show they are regulators of bipolar interneuron and Müller glia specification and the control of proliferative quiescence.

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Section: Examination Of Retinal Progenitor Cell Heterogeneity Via Smamentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive analysis of retinal development at single cell resolution identifies NFI factors as essential for mitotic exit and specification of late-born cells

Clark¹,

Stein-O’Brien

Shiau³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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“…In contrast, responses of α9α10 nAChRs from rat, 226 chicken and frog exhibited differential modulation by extracellular Ca 2+ . As previously reported for 227 the rat α9α10 receptor, responses to ACh were potentiated and blocked by extracellular Ca 2+ ( Calcium permeation through nAChRs holds great functional significance for the activation of calcium 234 dependent conductances and intracellular signalling pathways (14). Receptors containing the α7 235 subunit have high calcium permeability (40) whereas receptors containing α4β2 subunits have a 236 lower contribution of calcium to the total current (28,41).…”

Section: Divergence Of Biophysical Properties Differentiates Neuronalmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…With the exception of some fish species 318 that acquired α11, β1.2 and β5 subunits, for which no expression or functional data has yet been 319 reported (10), and the loss of the α7-like α8 subunits in mammals, the complement of original 320 vertebrate nAChR subunits has been remarkably conserved. Moreover, nAChRs are unique in that 321 subgroups of the family have distinct roles in synaptic transmission in non-overlapping domains, 322 either in the nervous system, inner ear hair cells or the neuromuscular junction (13,14,18). In this 323 work, we performed in-depth analyses of coding sequence molecular evolution, subunit co-324 expression patterns and comparative functional properties of neuronal and hair cell receptors to 325 explore the potential impact of these segregation of nAChRs subgroups on their respective 326 evolutionary histories.…”

Section: Comparative Functional Analysis Of Neuronal and Hair Cell Namentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 and Tables S2-S3). Cholinergic innervation is pervasive, with almost 336 every area of the brain being influenced by nicotinic signalling (14). Moreover, the expression of 337 neuronal nAChR subunits is widespread in the central and peripheral nervous system ( Fig.…”

Section: Functional Conservation Of Neuronal Nachrs 333mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Processed gene expression data tables were obtained from 10 scRNAseq studies that evaluated gene expression in retina (8) inner ear sensory epithelium (9, 10) and spiral ganglion (11), ventral midbrain (12), hippocampus (13), cortex (14), hypothalamus (15), visceral motor neurons (16) and dorsal root ganglia (17). Accession numbers, cell types inferred and number of cells analysed are summarised in Table S4.…”

Section: Analysis Of Nachr Subunit Expression In Single-cell Rnaseq (mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distinct evolutionary trajectories of neuronal and hair cell nicotinic acetylcholine receptors

Marcovich

Moglie

Freixas

et al. 2019

Preprint

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18The expansion and pruning of ion channel families has played a crucial role in the evolution of 19 nervous systems. Remarkably, with a highly conserved vertebrate complement, nicotinic 20 acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are unique among ligand-gated ion channels in that members of 21 the family have distinct roles in synaptic transmission in non-overlapping domains, either in the 22 17 different nAChR subunits have been described in the main vertebrate clades: α1-α10, β1-β4, δ, ε 53 and γ (7,8). These paralogous genes are proposed to derive from 5 paralogons, with the entire 54 complement of extant subunits present in the vertebrate ancestor (10). Vertebrate nAChRs are non-55 selective cation channels that participate in numerous processes, most prominently neuromuscular 56 junction (11,12), inner ear efferent (13) and neuronal (14, 15) synaptic transmission. 57Functional nAChRs are homomeric, comprising five identical subunits, or heteromeric, formed by at 58 least two different subunits (7,15,16). The rules that govern the combinatorial assembly of 59 functional nAChRs are complex and for the most part unknown. Some nAChR subunits can combine 60 with other numerous, albeit specific, subunits. In contrast, some subunits can only form functional 61 receptors with a limited subset (7,16). This segregation has given rise to subgroups of vertebrate 62 nAChRs named for their initially described tissue of origin and main functional location. Thus, 63 neuronal nAChRs are formed by multiple combinations of α2-α7 (and α8 in non-mammals) and β2-64 β4 subunits, comprising a wide combinatorial range with alternative stoichiometries (15-17). Muscle 65 receptors show tighter co-assembly rules. They have a typical α1 2 β1γδ (or α1 2 β1εδ) stoichiometry 66 and do not co-assemble with non-muscle subunits (16,18). Finally, the hair cell nAChR has a very 67 strict co-assembly constraint, being formed exclusively by α9 and α10 subunits (19)(20)(21). While α9 68 subunits can form functional homomeric receptors (22, 23), these are unlikely to play a major role in 69 inner ear hair cells in vivo (24). Although the α9 and α10 subunits were initially classified as a 70 neuronal, the α9α10 receptor does not appear to be functionally present in the brain (25). A 71 consequence of the differences in co-assembly rules between the three subgroups of nAChRs is that, 72 while muscle cells can toggle between at least two receptor variants and neurons are capable of 73 expressing a great diversity of nAChRs, hair cells express only one type. 74The complement of nAChR subunits is highly conserved across vertebrates and even more so in 75 tetrapods (1, 10). This suggests a high gene family-wide negative selection pressure for the loss of 76 paralogs and highlights the functional relevance of each individual subunit across the vertebrate 77 clade. However, given the major differences in co-expression patterns and co-assembly rules that 78 subgroups (hair cell or neuronal) underwent different evolutionary trajectories along the tetrapod 113 linea...

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Adenosine A₁ Receptor mRNA Expression by Neurons and Glia in the Auditory Forebrain

Hackett

2018

The Anatomical Record

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In the brain, purines such as ATP and adenosine can function as neurotransmitters and co‐transmitters, or serve as signals in neuron–glial interactions. In thalamocortical (TC) projections to sensory cortex, adenosine functions as a negative regulator of glutamate release via activation of the presynaptic adenosine A1 receptor (A1R). In the auditory forebrain, restriction of A1R‐adenosine signaling in medial geniculate (MG) neurons is sufficient to extend LTP, LTD, and tonotopic map plasticity in adult mice for months beyond the critical period. Interfering with adenosine signaling in primary auditory cortex (A1) does not contribute to these forms of plasticity, suggesting regional differences in the roles of A1R‐mediated adenosine signaling in the forebrain. To advance understanding of the circuitry, in situ hybridization was used to localize neuronal and glial cell types in the auditory forebrain that express A1R transcripts (Adora1), based on co‐expression with cell‐specific markers for neuronal and glial subtypes. In A1, Adora1 transcripts were concentrated in L3/4 and L6 of glutamatergic neurons. Subpopulations of GABAergic neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia expressed lower levels of Adora1. In MG, Adora1 was expressed by glutamatergic neurons in all divisions, and subpopulations of all glial classes. The collective findings imply that A1R‐mediated signaling broadly extends to all subdivisions of auditory cortex and MG. Selective expression by neuronal and glial subpopulations suggests that experimental manipulations of A1R‐adenosine signaling could impact several cell types, depending on their location. Strategies to target Adora1 in specific cell types can be developed from the data generated here. Anat Rec, 301:1882–1905, 2018. © 2018 The Authors. The Anatomical Record published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Association of Anatomists.

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Variation in Activity State, Axonal Projection, and Position Define the Transcriptional Identity of Individual Neocortical Projection Neurons

Cited by 72 publications

References 59 publications

Comprehensive analysis of retinal development at single cell resolution identifies NFI factors as essential for mitotic exit and specification of late-born cells

Comprehensive analysis of retinal development at single cell resolution identifies NFI factors as essential for mitotic exit and specification of late-born cells

Distinct evolutionary trajectories of neuronal and hair cell nicotinic acetylcholine receptors

Adenosine A₁ Receptor mRNA Expression by Neurons and Glia in the Auditory Forebrain

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Variation in Activity State, Axonal Projection, and Position Define the Transcriptional Identity of Individual Neocortical Projection Neurons

Cited by 72 publications

References 59 publications

Comprehensive analysis of retinal development at single cell resolution identifies NFI factors as essential for mitotic exit and specification of late-born cells

Comprehensive analysis of retinal development at single cell resolution identifies NFI factors as essential for mitotic exit and specification of late-born cells

Distinct evolutionary trajectories of neuronal and hair cell nicotinic acetylcholine receptors

Adenosine A1 Receptor mRNA Expression by Neurons and Glia in the Auditory Forebrain

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Adenosine A₁ Receptor mRNA Expression by Neurons and Glia in the Auditory Forebrain