Variation and Inheritance of Isoxaflutole Tolerance in Corn (Zea mays)¹

Abstract

Corn injury from isoxaflutole has been reported in sites across the corn belt, and variation in tolerance to isoxaflutole has been observed among corn hybrids. Greenhouse trials were conducted to study the variation and the inheritance of isoxaflutole tolerance in corn. Inbred lines from two families were treated with isoxaflutole applied preemergence, at four times the typical use rate, to study plant response. Plant height of corn inbreds treated with isoxaflutole compared with the untreated control ranged from 47 to 96% among eight lines within the B73 family and from 54 to 97% among six lines within the C103 family. One tolerant and one sensitive inbred line were selected from each family. The inbred lines were crossed in the field to produce four F1 hybrids. The four hybrids were treated with isoxaflutole in the greenhouse, and the tolerance of each hybrid was compared with the parent inbred lines. Data indicate that sensitivity to isoxaflutole is a heritable trait that is mediated by nuclear genes. Tolerance of corn hybrids to isoxaflutole can be predicted from the response of the parent inbreds.

Isoxaflutole treatment leads to reversible tissue bleaching and allows for more effective detection of GFP in transgenic soybean tissues

“…Exposure to as little as 0.5 mg l −1 IFT resulted in reduced shoot growth in Phalaris, whereas wheat shoots were unaffected (Kaur et al 2004). Even in a tolerant plant such as corn, there was a wide range of tolerance observed between hybrids (Simmons and Kells 2003). Therefore, the IFT concentrations used for this type of study must be empirically determined for the specific tissue application.…”

Evaluation of corn herbicide programs with and without atrazine

“…The intent of this study was not to show that atrazine is not necessary for effective weed control, but to highlight that it can be applied at low rates when complemented by or occasionally supplemented with other labeled herbicides to lessen the likelihood of resistance evolution and environmental contamination. Although all the pre-emergence and postemergence herbicides used are recommended in corn and were applied at the labeled rates, some of the herbicides contained in the premixtures have been shown to cause injury in certain hybrids in different environments (Simmons & Kells, 2003). Given the results from this study, in a similar environment, with similar weed pressure, atrazine may not be needed to control certain weeds; however, these full-season programs, as well as other full-season programs, should be tested further before recommendations are made that are applicable to other regions or environments.…”

A Multifunctional and Fast-Response Lysosome-Targetable Fluorescent Probe for Monitoring pH and Isoxaflutole

“…Pesticides are widely used in agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry; in environmental and family hygiene, pest control and epidemic prevention; and in industrial products to prevent mildew and moths [ 11 ]. Isoxaflutole is a highly effective preseedling herbicide that is used in maize, sugarcane and other dry crop fields [ 12 , 13 , 14 ]. However, the long-term application of pesticides across wide areas not only bring potential health risks to humans but also cause environmental pollution [ 15 , 16 , 17 ].…”