Variant colonies of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>

Bigger, Joseph W.; Boland, Cécile; O’Meara, R. A. Q.

doi:10.1002/path.1700300204

Cited by 27 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…It is known that virulent strains of staphylococci undergo spontaneous dissociation in old cultures (9). These variants show alterations in color from aureus to albus, in texture from smooth to rough, and in cohesion from non-viscid to viscid.…”

Section: Enhancement Of Virus Infection--a Strain Of Neurovaccine Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on a Certain Spreading Factor Existing in Bacteria and Its Significance for Bacterial Invasiveness

Duran-Reynals

1933

Journal of Experimental Medicine

139

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Invasive strains of staphylococcus and streptococcus contain a soluble factor which markedly increases tissue permeability and enhances the infections produced by these organisms, by other bacteria, and by vaccine virus as well. The non-invasive strains of the same species of staphylococci and streptococci do not contain this factor. The enhancing substance elaborated locally by organisms passes into the circulating blood and bringing about a general increase of tissue permeability may act to enhance local infections elsewhere. The factor is similar in the phenomena it elicits to the spreading factor extracted from many animal tissues, especially from testicle.

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Section: Enhancement Of Virus Infection--a Strain Of Neurovaccine Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on a Certain Spreading Factor Existing in Bacteria and Its Significance for Bacterial Invasiveness

Duran-Reynals

1933

Journal of Experimental Medicine

139

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“…This variation in colony morphology, however, is not to be regarded as a distinct genetic change, for on a single passage of the white organisms through brain heart infusion broth, followed by plating on nutrient agar, a reversion to the orange was always secured. Moreover, from our own observations and those of Bigger, Boland, and O'Meara (1927) this variation from orange to white is a common result with old cultures and may be produced as well by the simple addition of salt (Hoffstadt and Youmans, 1932) or some antiseptic dye to the medium. It is interesting to note, however, that after numerous subcultures under the influence of spleen extract, a white organism was secured which was apparently stable and did not revert to the orange when transferred to nutrient agar.…”

mentioning

confidence: 56%

“…The literature (Bigger, Boland, and O'Meara, 1927;Hoffstadt and Youmans, 1932) also suggests that the white Staphylococcus aureus produced by the action of the spleen extract represents a rough strain or one of low virulence. By means of frequent cultures and subcultures we have been able to secure a stable white strain, and at present we are conducting animal experiments in an attempt to determine whether there is any difference in the virulence of the two organisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Further Studies on the Effects of Spleen Extract on Bacteria

Nutini¹,

Kreke²,

Schroeder³

1945

J Bacteriol

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In a previous paper (Nutini and Kreke, 1942) we have shown that extracts prepared from both human and beef spleens are capable of completely inhibiting the in vitro growth of Streptococcus pyogenes in concentrations as low as 1: 2,000. Since the ultimate effect of any germicidal substance on an organism is usually preceded by changes in the metabolism, the present investigations were undertaken in an effort to determine whether such is the case with hemolytic streptococci subjected to the influence of spleen extract, and thus indirectly to determine the mode of action of the extract. For this purpose studies were conducted on the organism from both bacteriologic and chemical viewpoints, including morphology, staining reaction, fermentation, and biochemistry.In addition, investigation of the effect of spleen extract on other organisms, reported in this same article (Nutini and Kreke, 1942) as preliminary work, has been greatly extended. The latter work was instituted with a view to determining whether or not the germicidal activity of the splenic extract was specific for hemolytic streptococci, since the preliminary tests seemed to indicate this. The experiments, performed in much the same manner as those with streptococci, were confined principally to staphylococci and organisms of the colon-typhoiddysentery group, although the pneumococcus and tubercle bacillus were also included. EXPERIMENTAL of the extract, and this concentration was used throughout the following experiments.The effect of the spleen extract on the staining reaction was the first of the bacteriologic reactions investigated. Control tubes containing brain heart in-177 on July 16, 2020 by guest

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“…Fleming was commissioned to write the Chapter on staphylococci, and he was consequently alert to scientific papers with this word in their title. The following year, a paper on 'Variant Colonies of Staphylococcus Aureus' by John W. Bigger, C. W. Boland and R. A. Q. O'Meara of TCD, appeared in the Journal of Pathology [28]. Because of his commission from the MRC this of course interested Fleming.…”

Section: Irish Involvementmentioning

confidence: 93%