Variable Populations of Grapevine Virus T Are Present in Vineyards of Hungary

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The use of high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technology has led to significant progress in the identification of many viruses and their genetic variants. In this study, we used the HTS platform to sequence small RNAs (sRNAs) of grapevine to study the virome. Isolation of RNA was performed using symptomatic grapevines collected from commercial vineyards in Krasnodar Krai in 2017–2018. To determine the viromes of vineyards, we used an integrated approach that included a bioinformatic analysis of the results of sRNA HTS and the molecular method RT-PCR, which made it possible to identify 13 viruses and 4 viroids. Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 4 (GLRaV-4), Grapevine Syrah Virus-1 (GSyV-1), Raspberry bushy dwarf virus (RBDV), Australian grapevine viroid (AGVd), and Grapevine yellow speckle viroid 2 (GYSVd-2) were identified for the first time in Russia. Out of 38 samples analyzed, 37 had mixed infections with 4–11 viruses, indicating a high viral load. Analysis of the obtained sequences of fragments of virus genomes made it possible to identify recombination events in GLRaV-1, GLRaV-2, GLRaV-3, GLRaV-4, GVT, GPGV, GRSPaV, GVA, and GFLV. The obtained results indicate a wide spread of the viruses and a high genetic diversity in the vineyards of Krasnodar Krai and emphasize the urgent need to develop and implement long-term strategies for the control of viral grapevine diseases.

Section: Validation Of the Results Of Srna Hts By Rt-pcr And The Phylogenetic Analysis Of Detected Virusesmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Results Of the Srna Hts Bioinformatics Analysismentioning

confidence: 93%

High-Throughput Sequencing of Small RNAs for Diagnostics of Grapevine Viruses and Viroids in Russia

Navrotskaya

Porotikova

Yurchenko

et al. 2021

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“…GVT is another member of the genus Foveavirus, recently identified as a result of transcriptome analysis of the grape [65]. The effect of GVT on the grapevine is still unknown, since it can be present on vines without any visible symptoms [62,66,67]. GVT has been registered in the Slovakia, Czech Republic [68], Germany [69], China [70], Turkey [71], Hungary [67], and Russia [35].…”

Section: Family: Betaflexiviridaementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of GVT on the grapevine is still unknown, since it can be present on vines without any visible symptoms [62,66,67]. GVT has been registered in the Slovakia, Czech Republic [68], Germany [69], China [70], Turkey [71], Hungary [67], and Russia [35]. GVT has been detected in the germplasm collections of Croatia [60], France [62], the USA [66], and Italy [64].…”

Section: Family: Betaflexiviridaementioning

confidence: 99%

Virome of Grapevine Germplasm from the Anapa Ampelographic Collection (Russia)

Shvets

Porotikova

Sandomirsky

et al. 2022

Grapevine germplasm collections are unique repositories of grape cultivars; therefore, it is necessary to minimize their infection with pathogens, including viruses, and develop various programs to maintain them in a virus-free state. In our study, we examined the virome of the largest Russian grapevine germplasm collection, the Anapa Ampelographic Collection, using high-throughput sequencing of total RNAs. As a result of bioinformatics analysis and validation of its results by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and quantitative RT-PCR (RT-qPCR), we identified 20 viruses and 3 viroids in 47 libraries. All samples were infected with 2 to 12 viruses and viroids, including those that cause economically significant diseases: leafroll, fleck, and rugose wood complex. For the first time in Russia, we detected Grapevine virus B (GVB), Grapevine virus F (GVF), Grapevine asteroid mosaic-associated virus (GAMaV), Grapevine Red Globe virus (GRGV), Grapevine satellite virus (GV-Sat), Grapevine virga-like virus (GVLV), Grapevine-associated jivivirus 1 (GaJV-1) and Vitis cryptic virus (VCV). A new putative representative of the genus Umbravirus with the provisional name Grapevine umbra-like virus (GULV) was also identified in Russian grape samples.

“…This response can be weakened in long plant–virus coexistence, as it was the case in the grapevine rupestris stem-pitting associated virus infected grapevine [ 24 ], making sRNA HTS unable to detect its infection [ 25 ]. Recently described viruses, like grapevine virus T (GVT) are often thought to be overlooked because of their latency and absence of strong host response [ 26 ]. This seems not to be the case in PrVI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clematis vitalba Is a Natural Host of the Novel Ilarvirus, Prunus Virus I

Salamon,

Nagyne-Galbacs,

Demian

et al. 2023

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Clematis vitalba L. is a climbing shrub and a pioneer plant in abandoned orchards or vineyards that are widespread in temperate climate zones. In past years, several viruses infecting the Clematis species have been identified, including different ilarviruses. Prunus virus I (PrVI) is a recently described ilarvirus, which has been shown to infect sweet cherries and peaches in Greece. Moreover, its presence has been detected in ornamental Clematis in Russia. In the present work, we analyzed the virome of wildly growing C. vitalba plants from Hungary, Slovakia and Croatia showing different kinds of symptoms using high-throughput sequencing (HTS) of small RNAs or ribodepleted RNAs. Applying HTS enabled us to identify the presence of PrVI in C. vitalba, and the bioinformatic analyses were further validated with RT-PCR using PrVI-specific primers and Sanger dideoxy sequencing. Nearly full genome sequences of all three viral RNAs of one Hungarian, two Slovak and one Croatian isolate were determined. Their phylogenetic analysis showed high similarity to each other and to other PrVI isolates described from Central Europe. As the sampled plants were co-infected with other viruses, it is not possible to determine a direct correlation between the infection with PrVI and the observed symptoms. Analyses of different Prunus species in stock collection showed infection of several peach and sweet cherry varieties in Hungary. Our results expand the knowledge on the natural host range of PrVI and highlight the necessity to evaluate alternative plant hosts (even non-Prunus) of PrVI and the role of the virus in the etiology of the potential diseases.