Variable non-linear removal of viruses during transport through a saturated soil column

Betancourt, Walter Q.; Schijven, Jack; Regnery, Julia; Wing, Alexandre; Morrison, Christina M.; Drewes, Jörg E.; Gerba, Charles P.

doi:10.1016/j.jconhyd.2019.04.002

Cited by 25 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 65 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Similar force of attraction would play a vital role in the transport of amphoteric SARS-CoV-2 in the aqueous medium. Howbeit, saturated soils filled with water during monsoon season and subsequently increased flow rate reported to increase the virus transport due to less interaction time with soil particles ( Funderburg et al, 1981 , Jin et al, 2000 , Williamson et al, 2005 , Betancourt et al, 2019 , Yates et al, 1987 ). Similarly, smaller-sized viruses migrate at a faster rate due to lesser entrapment in the soil pore.…”

Section: Transport Of Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A chronicle of SARS-CoV-2: Seasonality, environmental fate, transport, inactivation, and antiviral drug resistance

Kumar

Mazumder

Mohapatra

et al. 2021

Journal of Hazardous Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this review, we present the environmental perspectives of the viruses and antiviral drugs related to SARS-CoV-2. The present review paper discusses occurrence, fate, transport, susceptibility, and inactivation mechanisms of viruses in the environment as well as environmental occurrence and fate of antiviral drugs, and prospects (prevalence and occurrence) of antiviral drug resistance (both antiviral drug resistant viruses and antiviral resistance in the human). During winter, the number of viral disease cases and environmental occurrence of antiviral drug surge due to various biotic and abiotic factors such as transmission pathways, human behaviour, susceptibility, and immunity as well as cold climatic conditions. Adsorption and persistence critically determine the fate and transport of viruses in the environment. Inactivation and disinfection of virus include UV, alcohol, chemical-base methods but the susceptibility of virus against these methods varies. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are major sources of antiviral drugs and their metabolites and transformation products. Ecotoxicity of antiviral drug residues against aquatic organisms have been reported, however more threatening is the development of antiviral resistance, both in humans and in wild animal reservoirs. In particular, emergence of antiviral drug-resistant viruses via exposure of wild animals to high loads of antiviral residues during the current pandemic needs further evaluation.

show abstract

Section: Transport Of Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A chronicle of SARS-CoV-2: Seasonality, environmental fate, transport, inactivation, and antiviral drug resistance

Kumar

Mazumder

Mohapatra

et al. 2021

Journal of Hazardous Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These parameters act in parallel and depending on their relative intensity (e.g., concentration) can dictate different interaction (electrostatic versus hydrophilic) mechanisms ( Zhuang and Jin, 2003 ; Zhao et al, 2008 ; Cao et al, 2010 ; Wong et al, 2013 ). In other studies, it was found that removal and inactivation of viruses in different granular media is non-linear, reflecting chiefly the heterogeneity within soil grains and differences in the physical and chemical structure of viral particles ( Betancourt et al, 2019 ; Schijven and Hassanizadeh, 2000 ). Overall, the impact of environmental parameters on virus persistence in the environment has received little attention ( Waldman et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A physicochemical model for rationalizing SARS-CoV-2 concentration in sewage. Case study: The city of Thessaloniki in Greece

Petala

Dafou

Kostoglou

et al. 2021

Science of The Total Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in sewage has been employed by several researchers as an alternative early warning indicator of virus spreading in communities, covering both symptomatic and asymptomatic cases. A factor that can seriously mislead the quantitative measurement of viral copies in sewage is the adsorption of virus fragments onto the highly porous solids suspended in wastewater, making them inaccessible. This depends not only on the available amount of suspended solids, but also on the amount of other dissolved chemicals which may influence the capacity of adsorption. On this account, the present work develops a mathematical framework, at various degrees of spatial complexity, of a physicochemical model that rationalizes the quantitative measurements of total virus fragments in sewage as regards the adsorption of virus onto suspended solids and the effect of dissolved chemicals on it. The city of Thessaloniki in Greece is employed as a convenient case study to determine the values of model variables. The present data indicate the ratio of the specific absorption (UV 254 /DOC) over the dissolved oxygen (DO) as the parameter with the highest correlation with viral copies. This implies a strong effect on viral inaccessibility in sewage caused (i) by the presence of humic-like substances and (ii) by virus decay due to oxidation and metabolic activity of bacteria. The present results suggest days where many fold corrections in the measurement of viral copies should be applied. As a result, although the detected RNA load in June 2020 is similar to that in April 2020, virus shedding in the city is about 5 times lower in June than in April, in line with the very low SARS-CoV-2 incidence and hospital admissions for COVID-19 in Thessaloniki in June.

show abstract

“…Hence, the transport of SARS-CoV-2 through the soil may be possible though interstitial column velocity. Alignment of the virion long axis with the effective vertical flow field may result in preferential flow paths, which may facilitate the transport of virus in the soil, as reported in other studies ( Betancourt et al, 2019 ). Additionally, hydrophobic interaction leading to an aggregation of enveloped viruses with small-sized negatively charged soil or sediment particle (small hetero-aggregates) may enhance the transport of virus in the porous medium as has been observed for bacteriophage φ6, (a model enveloped virus) in sediments of the colloidal size range in the presence of goethite, montmorillonite, illite, and kaolinite ( Katz et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Propensity Of Migration – Ii: Integration Of Probable Pathwamentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Thus, the migration of this virus is expected to be slow compared to non-enveloped viruses. However, with an increase in the flow rate, an increase in the viral transport was observed in saturated soils compared to unsaturated ones under anoxic condition ( Funderburg et al, 1981 , Jin et al, 2000 , Williamson et al, 2005 , Betancourt et al, 2019 ). Under saturated soil conditions, the interstitial spaces filled with water, which allows faster transport of viruses without coming in contact with the soil particle.…”

Section: Propensity Of Migration – Ii: Integration Of Probable Pathwamentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Presence of preferential flow in the structured clay loam soil enhanced the movement of water and viruses ( Sobsey et al, 1995 , Morales et al, 2014 ). Enveloped coronavirus with nominal diameter 50–200 nm ( Chen et al, 2020 ) is relatively larger than most human enteric viruses, and its isoelectric point-IP (∼6.67) is relatively low compared to IP of the enteric viruses (4.5–7.5) ( Betancourt et al, 2019 ). Hence, the transport of SARS-CoV-2 through the soil may be possible though interstitial column velocity.…”

Section: Propensity Of Migration – Ii: Integration Of Probable Pathwamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Frontier review on the propensity and repercussion of SARS-CoV-2 migration to aquatic environment

Kumar

Thakur

Mazumder

et al. 2020

Journal of Hazardous Materials Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Increased concern has recently emerged pertaining to the occurrence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in aquatic environment during the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. While infectious SARS-CoV-2 has yet to be identified in the aquatic environment, the virus potentially enters the wastewater stream from patient excretions and a precautionary approach dictates evaluating transmission pathways to ensure public health and safety. Although enveloped viruses have presumed low persistence in water and are generally susceptible to inactivation by environmental stressors, previously identified enveloped viruses persist in the aqueous environment from days to several weeks. Our analysis suggests that not only the surface water, but also groundwater, represent SARS-CoV-2 control points through possible leaching and infiltrations of effluents from health care facilities, sewage, and drainage water. Most fecally transmitted viruses are highly persistent in the aquatic environment, and therefore, the persistence of SARS-CoV-2 in water is essential to inform its fate in water, wastewater and groundwater and subsequent human exposure.

show abstract

Variable non-linear removal of viruses during transport through a saturated soil column

Cited by 25 publications

References 65 publications

A chronicle of SARS-CoV-2: Seasonality, environmental fate, transport, inactivation, and antiviral drug resistance

A chronicle of SARS-CoV-2: Seasonality, environmental fate, transport, inactivation, and antiviral drug resistance

A physicochemical model for rationalizing SARS-CoV-2 concentration in sewage. Case study: The city of Thessaloniki in Greece

Frontier review on the propensity and repercussion of SARS-CoV-2 migration to aquatic environment

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About