Variable frequencies of t(11;18)(q21;q21) in MALT lymphomas of different sites: significant association with CagA strains of H pylori in gastric MALT lymphoma

Abstract

t(11;18)(q21;q21) is a specific chromosomal translocation associated with mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. It fuses the amino terminal of the API2 gene to the carboxyl terminal of the MALT1 gene and generates a chimeric fusion product. Although the translocation is frequently detected in gastric and pulmonary MALT lymphoma, its incidence in MALT lymphomas from other sites is largely unknown. It also remains unknown whether the occurrence of the translocation is influenced by the nature of preceding diseases associated with MALT lymphomas. We screened for t(11; 18)(q21;q21) in 417 cases of MALT lymphoma from 8 major sites by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. t(11;18)(q21;q21) was found at highest frequencies in MALT lymphomas from the lung (38%) and stomach (24%), and at moderate frequencies in those from the conjunctiva (19%) and orbit (14%). However, the translocation was found only rarely in MALT lymphomas from the salivary gland (1%) and was absent in those from the thyroid, skin, liver, and other rare sites, and in immunoproliferative small intestinal disease (IPSID). In gastric MALT lymphoma, t(11;18)(q21;q21) was significantly associated with infection by CagA-positive strains of Helicobacter pylori. As CagA-positive strains of H pylori are much more potent in induction of host inflammatory responses, including activation of neutrophils, which release highly genotoxic oxygen reactive species, we therefore examined neutrophil infiltration in recognized precursors of MALT lymphoma including H pylori-associated gastritis, lymphoepithelial sialadenitis, and Hashimoto thyroiditis. Neutrophil infiltration was prominent in H pylori-associated gastritis but not in lymphoepithelial sialadenitis and Hashimoto thyroiditis. Our results demonstrate that t(11;18)(q21; q21) occurs at markedly variable frequencies in MALT lymphoma of different sites and suggest that the occurrence of the translocation is influenced by the nature of premalignant diseases associated with MALT lymphoma. Oxidative damage might play a role in development of t(11;18)(q21; q21).

Nuclear bcl10 expression characterizes a group of ocular adnexa MALT lymphomas with shorter failure-free survival

“…This translocation has been extensively examined in gastric MALT lymphomas and is associated with cases of a more advanced stage or those lacking responses to Helicobacter pylori eradication. 15,34 It occurs in 20-50% of gastric MALT lymphomas but the true incidence at other sites, with the exception of lung, is largely unknown. 22,24,31,33,34 In particular, the t(11;18) is reported as occurring in MALT lymphomas arising in the ocular adnexa at frequencies between 2.7 and 20%.…”

“…15,34 It occurs in 20-50% of gastric MALT lymphomas but the true incidence at other sites, with the exception of lung, is largely unknown. 22,24,31,33,34 In particular, the t(11;18) is reported as occurring in MALT lymphomas arising in the ocular adnexa at frequencies between 2.7 and 20%. 10,33,34 The different incidence of this and other translocations in MALT lymphomas from distinct anatomical sites is probably linked to specific prelymphomatous conditions that lead to neoplastic transformation.…”

“…22,24,31,33,34 In particular, the t(11;18) is reported as occurring in MALT lymphomas arising in the ocular adnexa at frequencies between 2.7 and 20%. 10,33,34 The different incidence of this and other translocations in MALT lymphomas from distinct anatomical sites is probably linked to specific prelymphomatous conditions that lead to neoplastic transformation. Another translocation involving MALT1 and IgH genes, t(14;18) (q32;q21) has recently been described as occurring more frequently at sites considered to have a low incidence of t(11;18), such as skin and orbit.…”

Genomic and immunohistochemical profiles of enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma in Japan

“…Generation of FISH probes and the FISH technique were previously described. [19][20][21] BAC clones were labeled with Spectrum Green by nick translation (Abbott Laboratories, UK). Commercial probes were used with the Vysis paraffin pretreatment kit II (7J02-02, Vysis).…”

p16/INK4a gene methylation is a frequent finding in pulmonary MALT lymphomas at diagnosis

“…[20][21][22] MALT lymphoma constitutes more than 80% of all primary lung lymphomas. 23 It should be noted that the involvement of API2-MALT1 fusion is particularly high (up to half of all cases) in pulmonary MALT lymphoma compared with MALT lymphomas at other sites, 24 and may define a distinctive clinicopathologic subgroup of pulmonary MALT lymphomas. 25 Therefore, pulmonary MALT lymphoma is a good model for study of lymphomagenesis.…”