Variable-amplitude fatigue testing of a high hardness armour steel

Khan, Muhammad Zubair; Alkemade, S. J.; Weston, G. M.; Wiese, D.G.

doi:10.1016/s0142-1123(97)00112-6

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Although the mechanical properties such as yield strength, Charpy impact toughness and hardness are sufficient to qualify the welds for their ballistic requirements. To more accurately predict service life, researchers have resorted to fatigue life and fatigue crack growth testing, static and dynamic fracture toughness evaluations in order to simulate actual in‐service loading conditions on structures such as off‐shore platforms, welded bridges and railway rolling dock, aircrafts, automobiles and ships 1 . Moreover, the fracture mechanics‐based property evaluation such as fatigue crack growth parameters and fracture toughness properties will lead to damage tolerant design, which will provide a better understanding of the armour grade Q&T steel welds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Structural components in combat vehicles are subjected to dynamic loading with high strain rates during operation. Stress loadings within the vehicle hull of these vehicles are expected to fluctuate considerably and structural cracking especially in welds during the service life of these vehicles can lead to catastrophic failures 1 . The important criterion for components used in combat vehicle construction is that it should satisfy the ballistic requirements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influences of flux‐cored arc welding consumables on dynamic fracture toughness (J_1d) of armour grade Q&T steel joints

Govindaraj¹,

Sathyanarayanan

Reddy

et al. 2009

Fatigue Fract Eng Mat Struct

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A B S T R A C T Quenched and tempered (Q&T) steels are prone to hydrogen-induced cracking in the HAZ after welding. Austenitic stainless steel (ASS) welding consumables are traditionally used for welding of high hardness Q&T steels as they have higher solubility for hydrogen. The use of stainless steel consumables for a non-stainless steel base metal is not economical. In recent years, the developments of low hydrogen ferritic steel (LHF) consumables that contain no hygroscopic compounds are utilized for welding of Q&T steels The use of ASS and LHF consumables for armour grade Q&T steel will lead to formation of distinct microstructures in their respective welds. This microstructural heterogeneity will have a drastic influence in the dynamic fracture toughness of the armour grade Q&T steel welds. Hence, an attempt was made in this paper to study the influence of flux-cored arc welding consumables on dynamic fracture toughness (J 1d ) of armour grade Q&T steel joints. The flux-cored arc welding consumables have a significant effect on the dynamic fracture toughness of the armour grade Q&T steel welds. The joints fabricated using ASS flux-cored wires showed superior J 1d values than the joints fabricated using LHF consumables and the base metal.Keywords dynamic fracture toughness; quenched and tempered steel; welding consumables. N O M E N C L A T U R Ea o = initial crack length b o = initial ligament length B = thickness of the specimen E = Young's modulus J = J integral J p , J mp = Schindler plastic J, its value at peak load J d , J del, J pl = dynamic fracture toughness obtained from intersection of 0.2 mm offset blunting line with the J-R curve, its elastic and plastic components J 0.2del, J 0.2d = dynamic plastic fracture toughness obtained from the Schindler plastic Jp-R curve at a = 0:2 mm, and the corresponding total J J 1d , K 1d = dynamic fracture toughness obtained using EPFM approach and LEFM approach, respectively

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of flux‐cored arc welding consumables on dynamic fracture toughness (J_1d) of armour grade Q&T steel joints

Govindaraj¹,

Sathyanarayanan

Reddy

et al. 2009

Fatigue Fract Eng Mat Struct

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show abstract

“…For heavy structural engineering, such as armored military vehicles frequently being under the effects of impact and variable loads [8], mechanical properties of welded joints and the weld metal zone must be known. Due to variable loads, cracks created in the weld metal may easily propagate towards the sensitive fusion line, followed by their possible rapid growth [9]. The presence of delta ferrite reduces ductility and potentially toughness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toughness Behaviour in Armour Steel Welds

et al. 2018

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The process of welding armor steel is a complex process not only due to high percentage of carbon in the base metal, but also because of possible welding faults, appearing in the weld metal zone in the form of cracks and pores. Austenitic filler material is traditionally used for welding armor steels, thus avoiding the negative effect of hydrogen content due to slow diffusion towards the sensitive fusion line. For heavy structural engineering such as armored military vehicles, which are frequently under the effect of impact and dynamic load, it is important to know the dynamic properties of the most sensitive area of welded joints, the weld metal zone. Instrumented impact testing was made on Charpy V specimens. The impact energy results were 56 J and 29 J for crack initiation and propagation, respectively. Due to a significant interest in quantification of material resistance to crack initiation and propagation, the fatigue crack growth rate was measured in the welded metal zone, while the resistance to crack growth in the weld metal was tested by the amount of austenite transformed into martensite. Accordingly, the threshold stress concentration factor was 10 MPa m 1/2. XRD spectral analysis revealed direct transformation of γ-austenite into α'-martensite.

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“…For heavy structural engineering, such as armored military vehicles frequently being under the effects of variable loads [8], mechanical properties of welded joints and the weld metal zone must be known. Due to variable loads, cracks created in the weld metal may easily propagate towards the sensitive fusion line, followed by their possible rapid growth [9].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatigue Crack Propagation and Charpy Impact Properties in Armor Steel Welds

Čabrilo¹,

Cvetinov²

2017

Mat.Plast.

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The process of welding armor steel is a complex process because of possible welding faults, appearing in the weld metal zone in the form of cracks and pores. Austenitic filler material is traditionally used for welding armor steels. For heavy structural engineering such as armored military vehicles, which are frequently under the effect of dynamic load, it is important to know the dynamic properties of the most sensitive area of welded joints, the weld metal zone. Due to a significant interest in quantification of material resistance to crack initiation and propagation, the fatigue crack growth rate was measured in the welded metal zone, while the resistance to crack growth in the weld metal was tested by the amount of austenite transformed into martensite. Accordingly, the threshold stress concentration factor was 10 MPa m1/2. XRD spectral analysis revealed direct transformation of g - austenite into a� -martensite.

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Variable-amplitude fatigue testing of a high hardness armour steel

Cited by 9 publications

References 8 publications

Influences of flux‐cored arc welding consumables on dynamic fracture toughness (J_1d) of armour grade Q&T steel joints

Influences of flux‐cored arc welding consumables on dynamic fracture toughness (J_1d) of armour grade Q&T steel joints

Toughness Behaviour in Armour Steel Welds

Fatigue Crack Propagation and Charpy Impact Properties in Armor Steel Welds

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Variable-amplitude fatigue testing of a high hardness armour steel

Cited by 9 publications

References 8 publications

Influences of flux‐cored arc welding consumables on dynamic fracture toughness (J1d) of armour grade Q&T steel joints

Influences of flux‐cored arc welding consumables on dynamic fracture toughness (J1d) of armour grade Q&T steel joints

Toughness Behaviour in Armour Steel Welds

Fatigue Crack Propagation and Charpy Impact Properties in Armor Steel Welds

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Product

Resources

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Influences of flux‐cored arc welding consumables on dynamic fracture toughness (J_1d) of armour grade Q&T steel joints

Influences of flux‐cored arc welding consumables on dynamic fracture toughness (J_1d) of armour grade Q&T steel joints