Variability Study of Bond Work Index and Grindability Index on Various Critical Metal Ores

García, Gloria González; Oliva, Josep; Guasch, Eduard; Anticoi, Hernan; Coello-Velázquez, Alfredo L.; Menéndez-Aguado, Juan M.

doi:10.3390/met11060970

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Feurstenau and Venkataraman [42] executed the grinding experiments in a closed circuit on quartz and limestone mixture samples. Garcia et al [43] carried out Bond standard grindability tests on different metal ores ranging from rod mills to fine grinding ball mills. Yan and Eaton [44] studied the Bond work index changes of ore mixtures as a function of the mixture composition.…”

Section: Grinding Results In Bond Millmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy-Model and Life Cycle-Model for Grinding Processes of Limestone Products

Mannheim

Kruszelnicka

2022

Energies

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Fine and ultrafine grinding of limestone are frequently used in the pharmaceutical, chemical, construction, food, and cosmetic industries, however, research investigations have not yet been published on the combination of energy and life cycle modeling. Therefore, the first aim of this research work was the examination of main grinding parameters of the limestone particles to determine an empiric energy-model. Dry and wet grinding experiments have been carried out with a Bond mill and a laboratory stirred ball mill. During the grinding processes, the grinding time and the filling ratio have been adjusted. The second goal of this research assessed the resources, emissions and environmental impacts of wet laboratory grinding with the help of life cycle assessment (LCA). The life cycle assessment was completed by applying the GaBi 8.0 (version: 10.5) software and the CML method. As a result of research, the determination of an empiric energy-model allowed to develop an estimated particle size distribution and a relationship between grinding fineness and specific grinding energy. The particle size distribution of ground materials can be exactly calculated by an empirical Rosin–Rammler function which represented well the function parameters on the mill characters. In accordance with LCA results, the environmental impacts for the mass of a useful product for different levels of specific energy with the building of approximation functions were determined. This research work sets up a new complex model with the help of mathematical equations between life cycle assessment and specific energy results, and so improves the energy and environmental efficiency of grinding systems. This research work facilitates the industry to make predictions for a production-scale plant using an LCA of pilot grinding processes.

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Section: Grinding Results In Bond Millmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy-Model and Life Cycle-Model for Grinding Processes of Limestone Products

Mannheim

Kruszelnicka

2022

Energies

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“…In the paper proposed by García et al [5], a deep study on the Bond ball-mill and Bond rod-mill standard tests is shown with different ores. The most impacting result of this work is the different results when matching work index values and grindability index values from the od mill's size range to the ball mill's size range, showing that the parameter which reflects ore grinding properties is the grindability index, which allowed the work index to have additional influences from operational conditions.…”

Section: Contributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grinding and Concentration Technology of Critical Metals

Menéndez-Aguado

2022

Metals

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“…It has been recently proposed gbp be renamed as the Maxson index [14]. Walter Maxson led the first research in which gbp was named as the grindability index [1], and was also Fred Bond's mentor at the beginning of his successful career.…”

Section: Bond Ball Mill Standard Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors could not find a precedent comprising a variability study on the Bond standard test itself; mineral processing engineers sometimes attribute the w i variations to ore grindability changes, while the reason can yield in feed PSD variations. Recently, it has been evidenced that, for a given ore, the grindability function (variation of the Maxon index, gbp, with P 100 ) can present a regular shape while the w i function with P 100 can be pretty erratic [14]. Some lack of standardization in the so-called standard test can be the most probable cause of w i variability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of the Ball Mill Bond’s Standard Test in a Ta Ore Due to the Lack of Standardization

García

Coello-Velázquez

Pérez

et al. 2021

Metals

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There is no doubt about the practical interest of Fred Bond’s methodology in the field of comminution, not only in tumbling mills design and operation but also in mineral raw materials grindability characterization. Increasing energy efficiency in comminution operations globally is considered a significant challenge involving several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In particular, the Bond work index (wi) is considered a critical parameter at an industrial scale, provided that power consumption in comminution operations accounts for up to 40% of operational costs. Despite this, the variability of wi when performing the ball mill Bond’s standard test is not always understood enough. This study shows the results of a variability analysis (a 33 factorial design) performed to elucidate the influence on wi of several parameters obtained from the particle size distribution (PSD) in feed and product. Results showed a clear variability in the work and grindability indexes with some of the variables considered.

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Variability Study of Bond Work Index and Grindability Index on Various Critical Metal Ores

Cited by 12 publications

References 25 publications

Energy-Model and Life Cycle-Model for Grinding Processes of Limestone Products

Energy-Model and Life Cycle-Model for Grinding Processes of Limestone Products

Grinding and Concentration Technology of Critical Metals

Variability of the Ball Mill Bond’s Standard Test in a Ta Ore Due to the Lack of Standardization

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