Variability of the Triticale Genome in Culture in vitro

Pykalo, S.; Дубровна, О. В.

doi:10.3103/s0095452718050092

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Кроме того, культивирование каллусов in vitro приводит к изменениям ряда морфологических, биохимических, физиологических показателей каллусных регенерантов в силу действия фактора сомаклональной изменчивости [42,45]. Большую роль играет и изменчивость генома в процессе культивирования in vitro [46,47], и гетерогенность культивируемых клеток, обусловленная главным образом эпигенетическими особенностями экспланта [3,4,15,17]. Всё это свидетельствует о важности тщательного изучения полученных из каллусов регенерантов, обязательного проведения полевых испытаний для подтверждения их генетической стабильности [3,15].…”

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Callus culture in vitro in the experimental evaluation of drought resistance in cereals (review)

Круглова¹,

Seldimirova²,

Zinatullina³

2021

TVAN

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One of the directions in plant biotechnological research is the use of callus cultures in vitro. The callus is an integrated system that is formed both exogenously (as a result of the proliferation of surface cells of various tissues of the plant organism) and endogenously (in the depth of these tissues). Initially, callus consists of homogeneous cells gradually transformed into a system of groups of heterogeneous cells with specific morphogenetic potencies. These potencies are realized by various ways of morphogenesis in vitro, including those leading to the formation of full-fledged plants-regenerants. In this review, using cereals as an example, we analyze the literature and our data on the use of calli in vitro as experimental systems for studying the plant stress-resistance to abiotic factors, especially to the drought factor. The advantages and limitations of using callus cultures in vitro are considered. The prospects of studying the mechanisms of action of abiotic stressors and resistance to them at the cellular and tissue levels under model conditions of callus culture in vitro are shown. Attention is paid to the assessment of the drought resistance of cereals under selective conditions simulating drought in vitro by such a parameter as the growth activity of calli. The issue of studying anti-stress effects in callus cultures in vitro is analyzed on the example of brassinosteroids. The prospects of using the model system “immature embryo in vivo–embryonic morphogenic callus in vitro” for rapid assessment of the effect of anti-stress plant growth regulators are considered. It is emphasized that the basis for using calli as the model system is both the significant role of the cell in all morphogenetic events of the plant organism in vivo and in vitro and the similarity of the responses of plants in vivo, calli in vitro, regenerants of callus origin in vitro and ex vitro.

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Callus culture in vitro in the experimental evaluation of drought resistance in cereals (review)

Круглова¹,

Seldimirova²,

Zinatullina³

2021

TVAN

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“…Також зафіксовано активацію ретротранспозону Cassandra у м'якої пшениці під час добору на стійкість до дефіциту води. Відмічено специфічні зміни в спектрах продуктів ампліфікації ДНК, що відбулися внаслідок прямого або поетапного добору клітин (Pykalo, Dubrovna, 2018).…”

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Activation of plant LTR-retrotransposons under in vitro culture stress

Konvalyuk¹,

Bublyk²,

Андреев³

2021

Visn. ukr. tov. genet. sel.

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Retrotransposons make up a significant part of plant genome and are probably the most dynamic part of it, so they play a significant role in the generation of genetic variation. In particular, their activation can lead to structural reorganization of genome and changes in genome size, the emergence of novel genetic and phenotypic variants, as well as changes in gene expression, thus providing the raw material for adaptation and evolution. This review summarizes literature data on the activation of LTR-retrotransposons of the superfamilies Ty1/Copia and Ty3/Gypsy during in vitro culture and under various abiotic and biotic stress conditions. Their structure, classification, and significance for the organization and functioning of plant genome are reviewed. The main mechanisms of activation of LTR-retrotransposons under stress conditions are explored, including changes in DNA methylation and interaction of stress-induced transcription factors with retrotransposon promoters due to the presence of specific binding sites and other regulatory elements. The review also discusses consequences of activation of retrotransposons and control of their activity by self-inactivation mechanisms and the epigenetic regulation of genome.Keywords: retrotransposons, Ty1/Copia, Ty3/Gypsy, in vitro culture, abiotic and biotic stress.

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