Variability of springtime transpacific pollution transport during 2000–2006: the INTEX-B mission in the context of previous years

Pfister, Gabriele; Emmons, L. K.; Edwards, D. P.; Arellano, A. F.; Sachse, G. W.; Campos, T.

doi:10.5194/acp-10-1345-2010

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…CO was measured on the C-130 (IM-PEX and VOCALS) using a vacuum UV resonance fluorescence instrument similar to that of Gerbig et al (1999). Precision is reported as ±3 ppb and accuracy as better than 10 % for a mixing ratio of 100 ppb (Pfister, 2010). Instrumentation aboard the Ka'imimoana included the AMS, CN counters (heated and unheated), nephelometer, and LDMA.…”

Section: M Shank Et Al: Organic Matter and Non-refractory Aerosomentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic matter and non-refractory aerosol over the remote Southeast Pacific: oceanic and combustion sources

et al. 2012

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(SO 4 ) and organics (Org), during VOCALS and the cruise show lower absolute values than those reported for previous "clean air" studies. In the marine boundary layer, average concentrations for SO 4 were 0.52 µg m −3 for the VOCALS region and 0.85 µg m −3 for the equatorial region while average Org concentrations were 0.10 and 0.07 µg m −3 , respectively. Campaign average Org/SO 4 ratios were 0.19 (VOCALS) and 0.08 (equatorial Pacific). Black carbon (BC) measurements from a single particle soot photometer (SP2) and carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations over the Southeast Pacific provided sensitive indicators of pollution. CO and BC were used to identify the least polluted air, which had average concentrations of SO 4 and Org of 0.14 and 0.01 µg m −3 , respectively, with an average Org/SO 4 of 0.08. Data from IMPEX was constrained to similar clean air criterion, and resulted in an average Org/SO 4 ratio of 0.19. Under the cleanest MBL conditions during VOCALS, identified by CO below 61 ppbv, a robust linear relationship between Org and BC concentrations revealed that even at very low pollution levels, combustion sources dominated organic aerosol, suggesting little to no marine source of submicrometer Org to the atmosphere over the eastern South Pacific. This means marine organics cannot be identified by merely setting a standard for background conditions below which anthropogenic influence can be disregarded. Other methods must be used to exclude nonmarine sources.

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Section: M Shank Et Al: Organic Matter and Non-refractory Aerosomentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic matter and non-refractory aerosol over the remote Southeast Pacific: oceanic and combustion sources

et al. 2012

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“…The monitoring of tropospheric Carbon Monoxide (CO), identified as a good pollution tracer and a precursor of ozone, provides significant value in air quality studies. Three sensors on NASA Earth Observing System (EOS) satellites, the Measurement of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT) on Terra, the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) on Aqua, and the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) on Aura, have been making global CO measurements since 2000, and these products have been successfully used in many transport studies Zhang et al, 2006;Stohl et al, 2007;Pfister et al, 2010;Fisher et al, 2010), Chemical Transport Model (CTM) validations and inverse modeling studies Nam et al, 2010;Turquety et al, 2008), data assimilation El Amraoui et al, 2010;Tangborn et al, 2009), and intercomparisons with other CO measurements (Warner et al, 2007;Luo et al, 2007a;Yurganov et al, 2008;Emmons et al, 2009). It is important to examine the consistency of these sensors, so that the measurements can be used collectively to provide greater temporal and spatial coverage than individual sensors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved agreement of AIRS tropospheric carbon monoxide products with other EOS sensors using optimal estimation retrievals

et al. 2010

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Abstract. We present in this paper an alternative retrieval algorithm for the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) tropospheric Carbon Monoxide (CO) products using the Optimal Estimation (OE) technique, which is different from the AIRS operational algorithm. The primary objective for this study was to compare AIRS CO, as well as the other retrieval properties such as the Averaging Kernels (AKs), the Degrees of Freedom for Signal (DOFS), and the error covariance matrix, against the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) and the Measurement of Pollution in the Troposphere (MO-PITT) CO, which were also derived using the OE technique. We also demonstrate that AIRS OE CO results are much more realistic than AIRS V5 operational CO, especially in the lower troposphere and in the Southern Hemisphere (SH). These products are validated with in situ profiles obtained by the Differential Absorption Carbon Monoxide Measurements (DACOM), which took place as part of NASA's Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment (INTEX-B) field mission that was conducted over the northern Pacific in Spring 2006. To demonstrate the differences existing in the current operational products we first show a detailed direct comparison between AIRS V5 and TES operational V3 CO for the global datasets from December 2005 to July 2008. We then present global CO comparisons between AIRS OE, TES V3, and MOPITT V4 at selected pressure levels as well as for the total column amounts. We conclude that the tropospheric CO retrievals from AIRS OE and TES V3 agree to within 5-10 ppbv or 5% on average globally and throughout the free troposphere. The agreements in total column CO amounts between AIRS OE and MOPITT V4 have improved significantly compared to AIRS V5 with global relative RMS differences now being 12.7%.

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“…Granier et al, 1999;Pfister et al, 2004Pfister et al, , 2010Duncan et al, 2007) and for improving emission estimates through inverse modeling techniques (e.g. Palmer et al, 2003;Petron et al, 2004;Heald et al, 2004;Arellano et al, 2004Arellano et al, , 2006Pfister et al, 2005;Kopazc et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CO source contribution analysis for California during ARCTAS-CARB

et al. 2011

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Abstract. Air pollution is of concern in many parts of California and is impacted by both local emissions and also by pollution inflow from the North Pacific Ocean. In this study, we use the regional chemical transport model WRF-Chem V3.2 together with the global Model for OZone and Related Chemical Tracers to examine the CO budget over California. We include model CO tracers for different emission sources in the models, which allow estimation of the relative importance of local sources versus pollution inflow on the distribution of CO at the surface and in the free troposphere. The focus of our study is on the 15 June-15 July 2008 time period, which coincides with the aircraft deployment of the NASA Arctic Research of the Composition of the Troposphere from Aircraft and Satellites (ARCTAS) mission over California. Model simulations are evaluated using these aircraft observations as well as satellite retrievals and surface observations of CO.Evaluation results show that the model overall predicts the observed CO fields well, but points towards an underestimate of CO from the fires in Northern California, which had a strong influence during the study period, and towards a slight overestimate of CO from pollution inflow and local anthropogenic sources. The analysis of the CO budget over California reveals that inflow of CO explains on average 99 ± 11 ppbV of surface CO during the study period, compared to 61 ± 95 ppbV for local anthropogenic direct emissions of CO and 84 ± 194 ppbV for fires. In the free Correspondence to: G. G. Pfister (pfister@ucar.edu) troposphere, the average CO contributions are estimated as 96 ± 7 ppbV for CO inflow, 8 ± 9 ppbV for CO from local anthropogenic sources and 18 ± 13 ppbV for CO from fires. Accounting for the low bias in the CO fire emission inventory, the fire impact during the study period might have been up to a factor 4 higher than the given estimates.

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Variability of springtime transpacific pollution transport during 2000–2006: the INTEX-B mission in the context of previous years

Cited by 21 publications

References 37 publications

Organic matter and non-refractory aerosol over the remote Southeast Pacific: oceanic and combustion sources

Organic matter and non-refractory aerosol over the remote Southeast Pacific: oceanic and combustion sources

Improved agreement of AIRS tropospheric carbon monoxide products with other EOS sensors using optimal estimation retrievals

CO source contribution analysis for California during ARCTAS-CARB

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