Variability of serum creatine phosphokinase activity in normal women and carriers of the gene for Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Perry, Tracy B.; Fraser, F. Clarke

doi:10.1212/wnl.23.12.1316

Cited by 31 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…At mid-adolescence a slow increase begins and extends to about the age of menopause, after which another decline sets in. These results agree with the obser vation by Richterich et al [1963] and Pearce et al [1964] of high CPK levels in normal young girls and with the finding of Worthy et al [1970] and Perry and Fraser [1973] of a significant increase in mean CPK with age in normal adult females. Even in our large sample there are few women older than 55, and the decline in CPK in this age group should be confirmed by other investigators.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

A New Method for the Analysis of Age Trends in CPK Levels with Application to Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Lange¹,

Zatz²

1979

Hum Hered

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Measurement of serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) is the most commonly applied test for carrier detection in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. About two thirds of all carriers have markedly elevated CPK levels. Age correction of CPK measurements would be straightforward if carriers of all ages could be unambiguously identified. Since such identification is impossible, we elaborate an indirect statistical method which is based on Haldane’s theory of the balance between selection and mutation for X-linked lethals. We also apply this method to a large body of data gathered on female relatives of Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients and on controls. The results are compared with earlier partial findings.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

A New Method for the Analysis of Age Trends in CPK Levels with Application to Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Lange¹,

Zatz²

1979

Hum Hered

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“…Samples were allowed to clot at room temperature, centrifuged for 15 min and then frozen at –80°C until analysis for CK activity. Preliminary data (unpublished) confirmed previous reports [32] that serum CK activity does not change over the menstrual cycle for any of the subjects used in this study, so a week 4 serum sample (luteal phase) from each subject was analyzed for serum CK activity. CK activity was determined quantitatively at 30°C in duplicate with a commercially available spectrophotometric diagnostic kit (Sigma Diagnostics).…”

Section: Experimental Methodssupporting

confidence: 84%

Serum Creatine Kinase Activity Varies with Ovulatory Status in Regularly Exercising, Premenopausal Women

2006

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Background/Aims: The clinical complications associated with an unopposed estrogen environment and luteal phase defects observed in exercising women prompted the examination of the relationship of exercise and endogenous ovarian steroids with serum creatine kinase (CK) activity. Methods: Subjects (n = 34) were classified into three groups according to their exercise and menstrual status, sedentary and exercising ovulatory groups (SedOvul, ExOvul), and an exercising amenorrheic group (ExAmen). Daily urine samples were collected to assess urinary ovarian steroid exposure and menstrual status. Serum CK activity was assayed in each menstrual cycle of all subjects. Results: Exercise increased serum CK activity in all exercising subjects (p < 0.01), but the increase was greater in amenorrheic women compared to ovulatory women (SedOvul: 33.0 ± 3.4; ExOvul: 43.7 ± 4.1; ExAmen: 54.4 ± 3.6, p < 0.05). When the ovulatory women were further divided into those with normal steroid production (ExOvul subgroup) and those with a suppressed progesterone luteal phase environment (ExLPD), both the ExOvul (51.9 ± 5.4 IU/l) subgroup and ExAmen group had higher serum CK activity (p < 0.05) than the ExLPD (36.6 ± 5.2 IU/l) subjects or the sedentary controls. Conclusions: These data demonstrate the complex association between ovarian hormone status and the normal serum CK response to regular mechanical stress imposed by chronic exercise training.

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“…However, previous workers have noted no effect of menstruation (Pearce et al, 1964;Wilson et al, 1965;Perry and Fraser, 1973), though Sweetin and Thomson (1973) observed higher CK levels in the second half of the menstrual cycle. Similarly, previous workers have found no effect of the contraceptive pill on CK levels (Perry and Fraser, 1973;Simpson et al, 1974). In the present study, an appreciable proportion of the nurses was likely to be using oral contraceptives, but we have no information on this.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…However, we have found far higher levels of CK in healthy young girls than in mature women, substantially lower levels of CK in pregnant women (also shown by King et al, 1972), and higher values again after the menopause (also observed by Sweetin and Thomson, 1973). Several groups of workers (Thompson et al, 1967;Perry and Fraser, 1973;Moser and Vogt, 1974;Zatz et al, 1976) have suggested that teenage carriers of Duchenne muscular dystrophy have higher levels of CK than adult carriers. However, the evidence for this has been indirect, since a carrier can rarely, if ever, be recognised when in her teens as she would have had to have had an affected son.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thompson et al (1967) andZatz et al (1976) observed that while about two-thirds of known carriers for Duchenne muscular dystrophy had raised CK levels, the number of sisters of patients who had raised CK levels was similar to the number expected to be carriers on the basis of their mother's status. Perry andFraser (1973) andZatz et al (1976) have reported families in which a mother has had normal CK levels and a daughter high levels. Indeed, Zatz et al (1975) have suggested that such mothers should be considered to be carriers on the basis of their daughter's results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serum creatine kinase levels in pubertal, mature, pregnant, and postmenopausal women.

Bundey¹,

Crawley²,

Edwards³

et al. 1979

Journal of Medical Genetics

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SUMMARY In order to obtain control values for the diagnosis of carriers of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, creatine kinase (CK) estimations were performed in two laboratories on 148 healthy teenage girls (of whom 38 were premenarchal and 110 postmenarchal), 133 healthy mature women, 124 pregnant women, and 37 postmenopausal women. These levels were highest in the premenarchal teenagers, and became successively lower in the postmenarchal teenagers, the mature women, and the pregnant women, so that the mean level of the pregnant women was less than half that of the teenagers. The CK levels then rose again after the menopause. If the distribution of CK levels in adult non-pregnant women had been taken as controls for teenagers who were possible carriers for Duchenne muscular dystrophy, then one third of those teenagers classified as carriers would have been so classified incorrectly.Levels of serum creatine kinase (CK) are used in the distinction of carriers of X-linked muscular dystrophies. Therefore, as part of a genetic study of Duchenne muscular dystrophy in the West Midlands, CK levels in healthy females were studied. Four groups of controls were investigated: teenage girls (subsequently divided into those who were pre-or postmenarchal); healthy non-pregnant women aged between 20 and 40 years; women who were in the first 16 weeks of pregnancy; and postmenopausal women. We chose these groups in view of the need to define control distributions, including youth, pregnancy, and those ages representative of grandmothers whose status are often of value in defining the time of mutation.The blood was studied on the understanding with the clinicians involved, the girls who gave it, and

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Variability of serum creatine phosphokinase activity in normal women and carriers of the gene for Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Cited by 31 publications

References 0 publications

A New Method for the Analysis of Age Trends in CPK Levels with Application to Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

A New Method for the Analysis of Age Trends in CPK Levels with Application to Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Serum Creatine Kinase Activity Varies with Ovulatory Status in Regularly Exercising, Premenopausal Women

Serum creatine kinase levels in pubertal, mature, pregnant, and postmenopausal women.

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