Variability of Seed Fatty Acid Composition to Growing Degree-Days in High Oleic Acid Sunflower Genotypes

Abstract

High temperature enhances the oleic acid content in the oil of normal cultivars but conflicting results are reported on temperature effects on oleic acid content in HO cultivars: either no effect or an increase in oleic acid content with temperature. To investigate the effects of temperature on HO genotypes under natural field conditions, a three-year field trial was conducted using two sowing dates and three HO genotypes (two inbred lines and one hybrid). To compare our results with previous works, growing degree-days (GDD) were computed (base temperature ¼ 6°C). GDD accumulated during the "flowering -25 days after flowering" period influenced fatty acid composition of seed. Oleic and linoleic acid contents were affected by accumulated GDD in two HO genotypes (one inbred line and the hybrid). There was an increase of about 3% in oleic acid content as response to more high GDD accumulated. Their content was not modified by GDD in the other inbred line. There was a genotype  environment interaction that we suppose depending on modifier genes. These genetic factors affected oleic acid content. This indicated the importance of breeding targeted to select hybrids with a stable oleic acid content and higher than 90%. Saturated fatty acids (palmitic and stearic) were also influenced by temperature, and there was genetic variability among genotypes.

Effect of genetic background on the stability of sunflower fatty acid composition in different high oleic mutations

“…proposed that genes associated with the genetic background can interact with the high oleic character affecting the expression of the high oleic trait in sunflower materials bearing the P mutation. These results are consistent with those reported by Ferfuia et al . indicating that oleic content was modified by temperature in different high oleic inbred lines carrying the P mutation.…”

“…Meanwhile, the NM1‐NIL group showed a mild although significant inverse relationship between both variables. Analyzing the group of P‐NILs, P‐1 showed an increase in oleic acid content as the MNT increased, being consistent with published data . The genotypes P‐2, P‐3 and P‐4 showed a non‐significant linear relationship between the oleic acid and the MNT, although a positive trend was observed.…”

Current Status of High Oleic Seed Oils in Food Processing

“…In sunflower, HO can be considered a semi‐qualitative trait since it is dependent not only on the environment but also on the genetic background of the receiver line (Ferfuia et al, 2015; Neto et al, 2016). In this sense, it was proposed that some genes can interact with the Pervenets mutation influencing the expression of the HO trait because of the epistatic interaction of three loci: the FAD2‐1 gene, a suppressor of the effect of Pervenets mutation or supole , and modifier genes.…”

Sunflower Hybrid Breeding: From Markers to Genomic Selection

“…Several oil properties have been characterized as quantitative traits, however, some traits such as oleic acid content (OAC) could, to a certain extent, be considered a semi-qualitative trait since OAC is dependent not only on the environment, but also on the genetic background of the receiver line ( Ferfuia et al, 2015 ; Regitano Neto et al, 2016 ). A partial duplication of the FAD2-1 allele caused by chemical mutation leads to an increase in OAC by silencing the FAD2-1 gene encoding FAD2 (oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine desaturase) ( Lacombe et al, 2002 ; Schuppert et al, 2006 ).…”