Variability of sea-surface temperature and sea-ice cover in the Fram Strait over the last two millennia

Bonnet, Sophie; Vernal, Anne de; Hillaire‐Marcel, Claude; Radi, Taoufik; Husum, Katrine

doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2009.12.001

Cited by 86 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Along the western Svalbard and Barents Sea margin, Müller et al [38] and Berben et al [4] provided evidence for frequently fluctuating sea ice conditions during the last 1000 years BP similar to those of the present day. Nonetheless, more expansive sea ice coverage and cooling of the subsurface water masses in this region is inferred for the LIA from different micropaleontological studies [5,10,74] supporting our observation of a temporarily reduced window for phytoplankton blooms and thus reduced export production to the seabed.…”

Section: Paleoproductivity Changes Over the Last 6000 Yearssupporting

confidence: 86%

Middle to late Holocene paleoproductivity reconstructions for the western Barents Sea: a model-data comparison

Pathirana

Knies

Felix

et al. 2015

Arktos

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In this study we focus on late Holocene primary productivity (PP) variability in the western Barents Sea and its response to variable sea ice coverage by combining PP reconstructed from several sediment cores with regional PP trends simulated with a well-constrained organic facies model, OF-Mod 3D. We find that modern production rates reconstructed from buried marine organic matter (''bottomup'') resemble simulated export production at 50 m water depth inferred from numerical simulations of surface water PP in a 3D ocean model, SINMOD (''top-down''). Paleoproductivity rates in the northern Barents Sea are more variable and generally higher (30-150 gC m -2 year -1 ) than in the SW Barents Sea region (\75 gC m -2 year -1 ) throughout the last 6000 years BP. In the SW Barents Sea, PP rates and terrestrial organic matter (TOM) supply remain constantly low indicating present-day-like oceanographic conditions with only marginal influence of sea ice related processes during the last 6000 years BP. PP rates in the northern Barents Sea indicate a shift from stable modern-like conditions prior to 2800 BP to denser, more permanent sea ice coverage along the marginal ice zone (MIZ) between 2800 and 1000 years BP and low PP rates. PP rates increase around 1000 years BP indicating a northward shift of the MIZ and accelerated export towards the seabed. During the last 500 years a pronounced decline in PP rates towards the present day indicates reduced annual duration of the MIZ in the area due to global warming. Our results suggest that a combination of first-year ice and higher PP in a warming pan-Arctic may point to a potential Arctic carbon sink while sea ice is still present.

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Section: Paleoproductivity Changes Over the Last 6000 Yearssupporting

confidence: 86%

Middle to late Holocene paleoproductivity reconstructions for the western Barents Sea: a model-data comparison

Pathirana

Knies

Felix

et al. 2015

Arktos

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“…In contrast to conditions inferred above, some other studies state a general warming trend (Bonnet et al, 2010;D'Andrea et al, 2012;Jernas et al, 2013;Majewski et al, 2009;Spielhagen et al, 2011;Werner et al, 2011) as well as a strengthened influx of AW during the last 2 millennia in the Svalbard area (Groot et al, 2014;Rasmussen et al, 2012;Sarnthein et al, 2003;Ślubowska et al, 2005). However, as the midHolocene is missing in the present record (see Sect.…”

Section: Late Holocene (∼ 18-04 Ka) -Aftermath Of the Neoglaciationmentioning

confidence: 59%

Atlantic Water advection vs. glacier dynamics in northern Spitsbergen since early deglaciation

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Atlantic Water (AW) advection plays an important role in climatic, oceanographic and environmental conditions in the eastern Arctic. Situated along the only deep connection between the Atlantic and the Arctic oceans, the Svalbard Archipelago is an ideal location to reconstruct the past AW advection history and document its linkage with local glacier dynamics, as illustrated in the present study of a 275 cm long sedimentary record from Woodfjorden (northern Spitsbergen; water depth: 171 m) spanning the last ∼ 15 500 years.

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“…AD 1300, coinciding with the LIA (Sha et al, 2014). In the eastern and western Fram Strait, significantly higher IRD (ice rafted debris) and IP 25 contents were attributed to heavy sea-ice conditions during the LIA (Werner et al, 2011;Müller et al, 2012), and Bonnet et al (2010) found a major transition to increased sea-ice cover during the later phase of the LIA on the West Spitsbergen margin. Similar cold conditions, as well as persistent sea-ice cover, were also described in sea-surface temperature reconstructions derived from diatoms and alkenones on the North Icelandic shelf (Jiang et al, 2005;Sicre et al, 2008), implying the strong influence of Polar waters from the EGC during the LIA.…”

Section: Changes In Sea-ice Concentration and Their Regional Significmentioning

confidence: 93%

Solar forcing as an important trigger for West Greenland sea-ice variability over the last millennium

Sha

Jiang

Seidenkrantz

et al. 2016

Quaternary Science Reviews

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a b s t r a c tArctic sea ice represents an important component of the climate system, and the present reduction of sea ice in the Arctic is of major concern. Despite its importance, little is known about past changes in sea-ice cover and the underlying forcing mechanisms. Here, we use diatom assemblages from a marine sediment core collected from the West Greenland shelf to reconstruct changes in sea-ice cover over the last millennium. The proxy-based reconstruction demonstrates a generally strong link between changes in sea-ice cover and solar variability during the last millennium. Weaker (or stronger) solar forcing may result in the increase (or decrease) in sea-ice cover west of Greenland. In addition, model simulations show that variations in solar activity not only affect local sea-ice formation, but also control the sea-ice transport from the Arctic Ocean through a sea-iceeoceaneatmosphere feedback mechanism. The role of solar forcing, however, appears to have been more ambiguous during an interval around AD 1500, after the transition from the Medieval Climate Anomaly to the Little Ice Age, likely to be driven by a range of factors.

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Variability of sea-surface temperature and sea-ice cover in the Fram Strait over the last two millennia

Cited by 86 publications

References 57 publications

Middle to late Holocene paleoproductivity reconstructions for the western Barents Sea: a model-data comparison

Middle to late Holocene paleoproductivity reconstructions for the western Barents Sea: a model-data comparison

Atlantic Water advection vs. glacier dynamics in northern Spitsbergen since early deglaciation

Solar forcing as an important trigger for West Greenland sea-ice variability over the last millennium

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