Variability of Grain Yields and Leguminous Crops in Kirov Region

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Oats are a valuable food and fodder crop, ranked sixth in world agricultural production. Between 2011 and 2021 in the region, the area of oat crops decreased by 7.9 thousand hectares or by 14.4%. In the structure of grain and leguminous crops, oats accounted for 14.9% in 2021. The crop productivity during the analyzed period varied from 13.0 c/ha (2013) to 24.2 c/ha (2019). During the study period, the average yield of oats was 20 q/ha with a variation coefficient of 16.9%. Gross grain production decreased by 480.79 thousand centners or by 41.5%, and amounted to 687.84 thousand centners in 2021. The purpose of the study is to identify agroecologically similar territories for guaranteed production of high-quality oat grain in Kirov region. The studies were carried out by analyzing the time series of crop yields with the allocation of the ecological component of its variability in the context of the municipal districts of the region over an 11-year period. To unite objects into classes, the method of pair-group association was used. As a result, 9 agroecologically similar territories were allocated to accommodate crops. The combined influence of environmental factors provides the most favorable conditions for placing oat crops in agroecologically similar territories No. 1, 3, 5. Here, a stable yield is obtained, characterized by low variability. The soil and climatic conditions of agroecologically similar territories No. 2, 4 are favorable for growing oats with a moderate level of variation. Agro-ecological conditions of agroecologically similar territories No. 6,7, 8, 9 limit the receipt of high and sustainable yields, therefore it is not recommended to grow oats in these areas. The results of agro-ecological zoning make it possible to determine the areas most suitable for obtaining a guaranteed crop yield and give recommendations for reducing areas with inefficient production.

Agroecological Zoning of the Territory of Kirov Region for Oat Crops Placement

Mukhamadiarov¹,

Permyakova²

2023

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Indicators of Modern Grain Farming of Kirov Region

Mukhamadiarov¹,

Starkova²,

Permyakova³

2023

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Grain is one of the main elements of food security of both the country and the region. Without grain production, the development of the food industry, animal husbandry and other branches of the agro-industrial complex is impossible. Between 2001 and 2021 in the Kirov region, the sown areas of winter rye and oats decreased by almost 3 times, spring wheat by 2 times. In general, the decrease in the area under crops of grain and leguminous crops during the study period amounted to 353.2 thousand hectares or 53%. In the structure of crops, the shares of winter rye and oats significantly decreased against the background of an increase in the share of winter wheat crops. During the period under review, the productivity of grain and leguminous crops in the region varied from 12.6 c/ha in 2004 and 2006 to to 21.7 centners/ha in 2019. On average, 16.9 centners were collected per unit area during the study period, with a coefficient of variation of 17.9%. The constructed linear trend indicates a tendency for an average annual increase in yield by 0.3 c/ha. Average annual gross harvest of cereals and legumes 2015-2020 compared to 2001 - 2005 decreased by almost 20%. Grain production per capita declined significantly over the study period, amid a decline in livestock and poultry in the region.

Territorial Differentiation of Kirov Region for Barley Crops Placement

Mukhamadiarov

2023

Self Cite

The study was carried out in order to identify agroecologically similar territories for guaranteed production of high-quality barley grain in the region. The object of the study was the municipal districts of Kirov region. Study period is 2011-2021 The study was carried out by analyzing the time series of crop yields with the allocation of the ecological component of its variability. To unite objects into classes, the method of pair-group association was used. As a result, 7 agroecologically similar territories were allocated to accommodate crops. The most favorable for the placement of barley crops is agroecologically similar territories 2, which is located in the central agro-climatic zone. Here, the maximum yield of barley (23.5 c/ha) is obtained with a minimum level of variation (16.5%). The cumulative influence of soil and climatic conditions provides a guaranteed crop yield in this area. The soil cover of agroecologically similar territories 1 and 3 is mainly represented by soddy-podzolic and podzolic soils with a high degree of cultivation. Moderate moisture and heat supply in these areas favor the cultivation of barley with a moderate level of variability (17.7-18.8%). In these agroecologically similar territories, the productivity of barley to a greater extent depends on the level of agricultural technology. The combined effect of soil and climatic conditions ensures moderate yields in agroecologically similar territories 5 and 7 with a high level of variation (22.0-24.1%). Therefore, in these territories, in order to obtain a guaranteed yield, it is recommended to use barley varieties that are more adaptive to local conditions. Excessive moisture in agroecologically similar territories 4 and 6 limits the production of high and stable yields. In these territories, the minimum yields are obtained (14.3 and 15.6 c/ha) with a high level of variation (26.8 and 24.6%). It is not recommended to grow barley in these areas.