Variability of Biochar Performance Among Soil Amendments and Enzymes Activity

Antonįous, George F.; Turley, Eric T.; Shrestha, Debendra; Dawood, Mohammad

doi:10.11648/j.ijaas.20210701.16

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…of Fruits high levels of trace metals in biochar and animal manures. Biochar was not consistent in promoting all enzymes activities [28]. These results confirm the findings of other investigators, who reported that biochar has positive [29] and negative effect [30] on soil enzymes activity that might be due to the different characteristics of each of the amendments, such as variations in absorbing and retaining water molecules that impact microbial secretions.…”

Section: Harvestsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Whereas biochar addition to SS (SS-Bio) decreased eggplant fruit weight and number compared to SS treatment not amended with biochar. Investigators [28] reported the duality of biochar impact on soil enzymes activity that might influence plants yield. Soil enzymes are very delicate to the environmental stress caused by pH changes and…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cd significantly inhibited alkaline phosphatase activity, whereas Zn inhibited urease activity [32]. It is important to mention that the organic matter loss during biochar preparation through the pyrolysis process contributes to an increase in the concentration of heavy metals in biochar [28]. Results also showed that the addition of chitin to SS (SS-Chitin) or chitin to CM (CM-Chitin) significantly reduced the fruit weight compared to chitin treatments not mixed with SS or CM.…”

Section: Harvestmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chitin, Biochar, and Animal Manures Impact on Eggplant and Green Pepper Yield and Quality

Antonįous¹,

Chiluwal²,

Nepal³

2023

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The global obligation for food requires soil and plant management practices that provide valuable effects on the physical, chemical, and organic properties of soils. The use of animal manure, in agricultural production systems as alternative to synthetic elemental fertilizers has potential application to improve crop yield and fruit quality. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) was established to investigate the impact of nine soil treatments on yield and quality of bell pepper, Capsicum annuum and eggplant, Solanum melongena.The nine soil treatments included: chitin CH, biochar Bio, sewage sludge SS, chicken manure CM, SS mixed with biochar (SSBio), SS mixed with CH (SSCH), CM mixed with biochar (CMBio), CM mixed with CH (CMCH), and unamended (UN) native soil used as control treatment. At maturity, fruits from each treatment, were counted, weighed, and classified according to the USDA grades to U.S. Fancy, U.S. No.1, U.S. No.2, and culls. Overall number and weight of green pepper fruits collected from plants grown in SSCH were significantly greater (26.2 and 3.14 kg 5 plants −1 ) compared to fruits of plants grown in unamended control treatment (17.1 and 1.98 kg 5 Plants −1 , respectively). Whereas CH alone was superior in increasing the number and weight of eggplant fruits compared to the control treatment. Average weight and number of eggplant fruits of plants grown in soil amended with chitin (4.46 kg and 11.5, respectively) were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) greater than weight and number of fruits obtained from plants grown in other soil treatments. Results also revealed a positive correlation coefficient (r) and high probability of significance (P) between number of fruits and weight of fruits among the nine soil treatments. Utilization of animal manures in agricultural systems is an inexpensive means for limited-resource farmers looking for improvements in crop yield and quality at affordable costs.

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Section: Harvestsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Harvestmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chitin, Biochar, and Animal Manures Impact on Eggplant and Green Pepper Yield and Quality

Antonįous¹,

Chiluwal²,

Nepal³

2023

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“…Biochar produced by incinerating wood, as a soil amendment was proposed to enhance plant nutrients availability, soil electrical conductivity (EC), and soil organic matter [5], retention of soil water content, and constructive impact on soil microorganism population, and plant yield [6,7]. Studies have indicated that soil biotic properties are associated with the application of biochar and soil C maintenance, microbial populations, and enzymatic activities [8,9]. Biochar is a recalcitrant C that degrades slowly in the soil and can take several years to degrade [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar and Animal Manures Increased Yield of Three Varieties of Turnips

Antonįous¹,

Dawood²,

Turley³

et al. 2022

IJAAS

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Biochar, a product of incineration of biomass is proposed for use as a soil amendment (SA) to enhance soil water holding capacity, increase soil microbial community, and plant nutrients availability. We studied the effect of six SA (sewage sludge SS, horse manure HM, chicken manure CM, vermicompost Vermi, commercial inorganic fertilizer (19N-19P-19K), commercial organic fertilizer (Nature Safe 10N-2P-8K), and biochar added to SA on the root, shoot, and plant weight of three varieties of field-grown turnips (Purple Top White Globe PTWG, Scarlet Queen Red SQR, and Tokyo Cross TC. Regardless of SA type used in this investigation, results revealed that varieties grown in soil treated with biochar had significantly greater root, shoot, and plant weight compared to similar varieties grown in SA not treated with biochhar. SQR significantly increased turnip yield compared to PTWG and TC varieties Overall turnip shoot, root, and plant weight obtained from CM amended soil not treated with biochar was significantly greater (295.9, 524.4, and 820.3 g, respectively) compared to yield obtained from the no-amendment (NM) control treatments (147.

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“…Soil amendments capture pesticide in contaminated runoff from agricultural operations and offer a potential solution to pesticide contamination of natural water resources arising from farmlands. Investigators [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] reported a positive relationship between soil organic matter and crop biomass, nutritional composition, and crop productivity. The addition of organic amendment to agricultural soil increased soil microbiological activity [13][14][15][16] due to their content of simple natural molecules, such as sugar and amino acids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring the Persistence of Devrinol, Diazinon, and Trifluralin Residues in Soil Following Application of Organic Amendments

Antonįous¹

2022

IJAAS

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Pesticides have the potential mobility from the site of application to natural water resources leading to surface water quality problems. Binding pesticides to soil lead to immobilization preventing their mobility into surface water and enhancing their availability for degradation by soil microorganisms and their secreting enzymes. The impact of low-cost organic amendments used in agricultural operations on the persistence of three pesticides; devrinol, diazinon, and trifluralin in agricultural soil was investigated. Pesticide residues in sewage sludge (SS), farm compost (Comp), and no-mulch (NM) control treatment following field application were monitored at different time intervals using solvent partitioning and gas chromatographic procedure (GC). Half-life (T 1/2 ) values of the three pesticides in soil were determined under three farming practices to investigate how long each pesticide remains in each soil treatment. Results revealed the retention of devrinol by 30%, diazinon by 55%, and trifluralin by 80% in soil amended with SS compared to sole NM soil used as control treatment. This practice might prevent the off-site movement of pesticides. Devrinol T 1/2 value of 14.1 days was significantly (P≤ 0.05) lower in soil amended with Comp compared to SS amended soil due to its high dissipation constant (K). Diazinon residues fluctuated during the first week after spraying and started to decline, reaching a minimum value of 0.004 µg g -1 soil at 35 days after spraying. Its T 1/2 value of 10.6 days was significantly lower in SS amended soil compared to Comp waste and control treatments (15.8 and 18.5 days, respectively). Trifluralin residues in NM soil showed a low dissipation constant and greater (T 1/2 ) value of 116 days. Its dissipation and degradation in soil amended with Comp and SS indicated half-life (T 1/2 ) values of 48.5 and 34.6 days, respectively. The low adsorptive capacity of devrinol due to its high-water solubility requires minimizing its application rates in agricultural regions to prevent environmental contamination of natural water resources.

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Variability of Biochar Performance Among Soil Amendments and Enzymes Activity

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Chitin, Biochar, and Animal Manures Impact on Eggplant and Green Pepper Yield and Quality

Chitin, Biochar, and Animal Manures Impact on Eggplant and Green Pepper Yield and Quality

Biochar and Animal Manures Increased Yield of Three Varieties of Turnips

Monitoring the Persistence of Devrinol, Diazinon, and Trifluralin Residues in Soil Following Application of Organic Amendments

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