Variability of Bering Sea eddies and primary productivity along the shelf edge during 1998–2000 using satellite multisensor remote sensing

Mizobata, Kohei; Saitoh, Sei–Ichi

doi:10.1016/j.jmarsys.2003.09.014

Cited by 66 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In one of the few biological studies comparing shelf areas to a deep-sea canyon, De Leo et al [40] measured infaunal biomass in Kaikoura Canyon off New Zealand that was 100-fold higher than ever measured for a non-chemosynthetic deep-sea benthic habitat, and 10 times higher than nearby shelf benthos. Zhemchug and Pribilof Canyons lie in the highly productive “green belt” along the Bering Sea shelf edge [41], and primary production over the canyons is stimulated by stationary mesoscale eddies that enhance upwelling and can temporally extend spring phytoplankton blooms [42]. Surface-derived particulate organic carbon (POC) comprised the main source of carbon for deep-water corals, as revealed by stable isotope analyses [43], [44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure-Forming Corals and Sponges and Their Use as Fish Habitat in Bering Sea Submarine Canyons

Miller

Hocevar²,

Stone

et al. 2012

PLoS ONE

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Continental margins are dynamic, heterogeneous settings that can include canyons, seamounts, and banks. Two of the largest canyons in the world, Zhemchug and Pribilof, cut into the edge of the continental shelf in the southeastern Bering Sea. Here currents and upwelling interact to produce a highly productive area, termed the Green Belt, that supports an abundance of fishes and squids as well as birds and marine mammals. We show that in some areas the floor of these canyons harbors high densities of gorgonian and pennatulacean corals and sponges, likely due to enhanced surface productivity, benthic currents and seafloor topography. Rockfishes, including the commercially important Pacific ocean perch, Sebastes alutus, were associated with corals and sponges as well as with isolated boulders. Sculpins, poachers and pleuronectid flounders were also associated with corals in Pribilof Canyon, where corals were most abundant. Fishes likely use corals and sponges as sources of vertical relief, which may harbor prey as well as provide shelter from predators. Boulders may be equivalent habitat in this regard, but are sparse in the canyons, strongly suggesting that biogenic structure is important fish habitat. Evidence of disturbance to the benthos from fishing activities was observed in these remote canyons. Bottom trawling and other benthic fishing gear has been shown to damage corals and sponges that may be very slow to recover from such disturbance. Regulation of these destructive practices is key to conservation of benthic habitats in these canyons and the ecosystem services they provide.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure-Forming Corals and Sponges and Their Use as Fish Habitat in Bering Sea Submarine Canyons

Miller

Hocevar²,

Stone

et al. 2012

PLoS ONE

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“…Many research studies highlight the importance of canyons in focusing primary productivity (e.g. [4], [37], [38], [39], [40], [41]), however flux to the benthos and trophic linkages with demersal fauna remain poorly understood [42], [43], [44]. To date, only a small number of studies have directly compared the biomass and composition of demersal fish assemblages between the central axis of a submarine canyon and the adjacent slope [2], [45], [46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biophysical Factors Affecting the Distribution of Demersal Fish around the Head of a Submarine Canyon Off the Bonney Coast, South Australia

et al. 2012

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We sampled the demersal fish community of the Bonney Canyon, South Australia at depths (100–1,500 m) and locations that are poorly known. Seventy-eight species of demersal fish were obtained from 12 depth-stratified trawls along, and to either side, of the central canyon axis. Distributional patterns in species richness and biomass were highly correlated. Three fish assemblage groupings, characterised by small suites of species with narrow depth distributions, were identified on the shelf, upper slope and mid slope. The assemblage groupings were largely explained by depth (ρw = 0.78). Compared to the depth gradient, canyon-related effects are weak or occur at spatial or temporal scales not sampled in this study. A conceptual physical model displayed features consistent with the depth zonational patterns in fish, and also indicated that canyon upwelling can occur. The depth zonation of the fish assemblage was associated with the depth distribution of water masses in the area. Notably, the mid-slope community (1,000 m) coincided with a layer of Antarctic Intermediate Water, the upper slope community (500 m) resided within the core of the Flinders Current, and the shelf community was located in a well-mixed layer of surface water (<450 m depth).

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“…High productivity in the early Pliocene warm period at Bowers Ridge cannot be explained with a canonial understanding of the modernday Green Belt, which is related to the sea ice margin retreat in the spring, and tidal forces and eddies that enhance vertical mixing of nutrients at the shelf break through the entire summer (Springer et al, 1996, Mizobata andSaitoh, 2004). There is no evidence for sea ice diatom or dinofl agellate forms in the early Pliocene (Expedition 323 Scientists, 2010), and Bowers Ridge is well south of the Bering shelf break.…”

Section: Origin Of the Siliciclastic Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of marine sedimentation in the Bering Sea since the Pliocene

Aiello

Ravelo

2012

Geosphere

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Sediment of the Bering Sea, derived mainly from biogenic, glaciomarine, and, secondarily, riverine sources, refl ects the history of oceanographic changes within the basin and climatic changes on the adjacent continents. Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 323 recovered cores that reveal the evolution of sedimentation in the Bering Sea over the past 5 m.y., a period that includes globally signifi cant events such as the early Pliocene warm period, the onset of extensive Northern Hemisphere glaciation, and the Pleistocene glacial-interglacial and millennial-scale climate cycles. To begin to understand the Bering Sea regional response to and role in these global climate change events, we examined the sedimentary constituents of Expedition 323 sites U1339, U1343, and U1344 on the Bering Slope, and U1340 and U1341 on Bowers Ridge. New particle size and petrographic analyses, combined with shipboard lithostratigraphic and physical property data, are used to characterize sediment types and texture and its distribution through space and time. The sediment comprises mainly two components, opaline diatom valves and siliciclastic grains (mainly clay and fi ne silt size). Approximately 40% of the variance in particle size can be explained by the abundance and preservation of diatom valves, a rough indicator of biogenic opal productivity. Particle size data indicate that productivity was generally higher during interglacials compared to glacials, and higher during the Pliocene warm period, decreasing as Northern Hemisphere glaciation intensifi ed ~3 m.y. ago. Although the abundance of diatoms in the sediment varied, diatom ooze and diatom mud are the dominant lithologies at Bowers Ridge, indicating that there was a persistent supply of diatoms to the sediment in the open Bering Sea during the past 5 m.y. This study provides a comprehensive view of sediment types and sedimentation processes; future work should be aimed at validating our interpretations of past changes in productivity and siliciclastic sedimentation mechanisms with multiple additional proxies.

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Variability of Bering Sea eddies and primary productivity along the shelf edge during 1998–2000 using satellite multisensor remote sensing

Cited by 66 publications

References 18 publications

Structure-Forming Corals and Sponges and Their Use as Fish Habitat in Bering Sea Submarine Canyons

Structure-Forming Corals and Sponges and Their Use as Fish Habitat in Bering Sea Submarine Canyons

Biophysical Factors Affecting the Distribution of Demersal Fish around the Head of a Submarine Canyon Off the Bonney Coast, South Australia

Evolution of marine sedimentation in the Bering Sea since the Pliocene

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