Variability in the preservation of the isotopic composition of collagen from fossil bone

Tuross, Noreen; Fogel, Marilyn L.; Hare, P. E.

doi:10.1016/0016-7037(88)90364-x

Cited by 216 publications

(166 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…For EDTA decalcification (after Tuross et al 1988), small bone chunks were soaked and gently swirled in 50 mL of 0.5M EDTA at pH 7.4 for periods up to several weeks, and the EDTA solution was changed every 4-5 days. The EDTA solution was made with tetrasodium salt and the solution titrated down to pH 7.4 with HCl.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pseudomorphs were washed 15 times in ultrapure water, and at least one of these washes was overnight. Both the completeness of the mineral removal and the removal of EDTA was monitored in the original report of this process (Tuross et al 1988). EDTA was not detectable by the 7th water wash, so the protocol called for double this number of washes as an analytical safety measure.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative Decalcification Methods, Radiocarbon Dates, and Stable Isotopes of the VIRI Bones

Tuross¹

2012

Radiocarbon

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ABSTRACT. The Fifth International Radiocarbon Comparison (VIRI) provided a suite of 5 bone samples with consensus ages ranging from 969 to 39,305 14 C yr BP (Scott et al. 2010). These bones were used herein in a comparison of decalcification methods using either HCl or EDTA to produce collagen, and the results demonstrate age concordance between both preparation methods and the VIRI consensus values. Additional isotopic analyses of the collagen (ô l3 C, δ 15 Ν, and δ 18 0) illustrate the increasing sensitivity of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen isotopes in assessing gelatin degradation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Decalcification Methods, Radiocarbon Dates, and Stable Isotopes of the VIRI Bones

Tuross¹

2012

Radiocarbon

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“…Collagen extraction from vertebral samples was conducted following Tuross et al (1988). For each sample, approximately 0.5 g of tissue was soaked overnight in a 3:1 chloroform methanol solution to remove lipids; it was then demineralized at room temperature in EDTA (pH 8) for 7-20 days until the sample was soft.…”

Section: Bomb Radiocarbon Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validated age and growth estimates for Carcharhinus obscurus in the northwestern Atlantic Ocean, with pre- and post management growth comparisons

Natanson

Gervelis

Winton³

et al. 2013

Environ Biol Fish

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Age and growth estimates for the dusky shark, Carcharhinus obscurus, were derived from vertebral centra collected in the northwestern Atlantic Ocean. Sample collection spanned the years prior to and following the implementation of management measures . Growth was compared pre-and post-population depletion and pre-and post-management to investigate the possibility of density-mediated shifts in age and growth parameters over time. There was no evidence of difference between periods for either sex. Additionally, bomb radiocarbon dating was used to determine the periodicity of band pair formation. Results support the traditional interpretation of annual band pairs up to approximately 11 years of age. After this time, vertebral counts considerably underestimate true age. Maximum validated ages were estimated to be between 38 and 42 years of age (an increase of 15 to 19 years over the band count estimates), confirming longevity to at least 42 years of age. Growth curves estimated using only validated data were compared to those generated using band pair counts. Logistic growth parameters derived from validated vertebral length-at-age data were L ∞ = 261.5 cm FL, L o =85.5 cm, t o =4.89 year and g= 0.15 year −1 for the sexes combined. Revised estimates of age at maturity were 17.4 years for males and 17.6 years for females.

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“…However, the practical value of these isotope systems is limited in certain ecological contexts, such as densely forested or arid localities. Additionally, nitrogen isotope values can be measured only in proteinaceous tissues (i.e., collagen and keratin), which seldom preserve beyond several thousand years (Tuross et al, 1988). Oxygen isotope (δ 18 O) values also have the potential to identify ecological differences among organisms (e.g., Bryant and Froelich, 1995;Lee-Thorp and Sponheimer, 2005;Nelson, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Oxygen Isotope Values in Collagen Reflect the Ecology and Physiology of Neotropical Mammals?

et al. 2015

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Stable isotope data provide insight into the foraging ecology of animals. Traditionally, carbon and nitrogen isotope values have been used to infer dietary and habitat preferences. Oxygen isotopes are used less frequently but may complement the ecological information provided by carbon and nitrogen, particularly in densely forested or arid environments. Additionally, because oxygen is preserved in both bioapatite and collagen, it is useful for paleoecological studies. To investigate the suitability of oxygen isotopes for complementing and building on ecological applications of carbon and nitrogen isotopes, we analyze all three isotopes in bone collagen for nearly identical assemblages of Costa Rican mammals in two ecologically distinct habitats -an evergreen rainforest and a seasonal dry forest. We assess the degree to which differences in habitat, activity pattern, diet, arboreality, and thermoregulation are revealed by each of the isotope systems. Our results highlight the potential of oxygen isotopes in modern and paleoecological contexts. In addition to reflecting habitat type, oxygen isotope values in collagen distinguish species on the basis of vertical habitat stratification and drinking behavior. Within a locality, individuals with low oxygen isotope values likely track meteoric water, whereas those with elevated values most likely consume evaporatively-enriched plant tissues, such as canopy leaves. These patterns will be useful in reconstructing paleoenvironments and interpreting ecological differences among taxa both extant and extinct.

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Variability in the preservation of the isotopic composition of collagen from fossil bone

Cited by 216 publications

References 16 publications

Comparative Decalcification Methods, Radiocarbon Dates, and Stable Isotopes of the VIRI Bones

Comparative Decalcification Methods, Radiocarbon Dates, and Stable Isotopes of the VIRI Bones

Validated age and growth estimates for Carcharhinus obscurus in the northwestern Atlantic Ocean, with pre- and post management growth comparisons

Do Oxygen Isotope Values in Collagen Reflect the Ecology and Physiology of Neotropical Mammals?

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