Variability in the life cycle of concrete block CO2 emissions and cumulative energy demand in the Brazilian Market

Oliveira, Lidiane Santana; Pacca, Sérgio Almeida; John, Vanderley M.

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.03.134

Cited by 29 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…To obtain the values for each ton of aggregates, the results need to be divided by 480000, which is done in Table 7. These amounts fall within the ranges which have been used in one of the environmental studies related to life cycle concrete block (Oliveira et al, 2016).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evaluating the energy consumption and CO 2 emissions is the most visible environmental criterion feasibility of recycling concrete measures (Oliveira et al, 2016). The scenarios of emissions include CO 2 , CO, CxHy, NOx, and SO 2 pollutants (Ping and Yidong, 2011).…”

Section: Methodsology and Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Correspondingly, one of the solutions for reducing the uncontrolled extraction of stone quarries is recycling aggregates, leading to decreasing energy consumption and GHG emissions (especially CO 2 ). In addition to economic (Tam, 2008;Zhao et al, 2010) and environmental benefits (Oliveira et al, 2016), recycling aggregates is also feasible in terms of technical-quality criterion (Huang et al, 2002) so that it can be reused in concrete usage (Sabai et al, 2013) or construction of roads (Petkovic et al, 2004). Recycling, recycling C&D waste in particular, is one of the key issues in implementing sustainable development that can reduce human health risks and, as Woon and Lo (2016) have stated, can be measured through life cycle human health (LCHH).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental life cycle assessment and cost analysis of aggregate production industries compared with hybrid scenario

Ghanbari¹

2017

Appl Ecol Env Res

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Abstract. Aggregates are generally divided into three scenarios, depending on the production methods. The first scenario considers the production of natural aggregates (NA), while the second scenario views the production of recycled aggregates (RA) with construction and demolition (C&D) waste. The third scenario, however, is a hybrid scenario which is the combination of NA and RA, assuming a mixing percentage of 50%. In point of fact, the first scenario is the current policy implemented in many countries, whereas the second and the third scenarios are the proposed alternative options. The present study evaluates the environmental impacts and cost of the production of aggregates via each scenario, in a way that energy consumption, CO 2 emissions and cost are considered as the main variables. The total cost encompasses the costs of investment, energy, and maintenance. To conclude, this research reveals that Iran's current policy with an annual energy consumption of 1.48 million tons of oil equivalent can have a footprint of 2.88 million tons CO2eq emissions per year and cost of 1301 million USD per year (the first scenario). Achieving 30%, 36% and 32% reduction in annual energy consumption, CO 2 emissions and total cost, respectively, by the third scenario compared to the first scenario unravels the destructive effect of the first scenario from environmental and economic perspectives.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsology and Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental life cycle assessment and cost analysis of aggregate production industries compared with hybrid scenario

Ghanbari¹

2017

Appl Ecol Env Res

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“…As a result, the values of energy, CO 2 emission, and cost for scenario 3 (optimal scenario) are the averages of corresponding values in scenarios 1 and 2. Table 6 shows the detailed results for all three scenarios which fall within the ranges which have been used in one of the environmental studies related to life-cycle concrete block [36].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic and Environmental Evaluation and Optimal Ratio of Natural and Recycled Aggregate Production

Ghanbari

Abbasi

Ravanshadnia

2017

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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Steady increase in overexploitation of stone quarries, generation of construction and demolition waste, and costs of preparing extra landfill space have become environmental and waste management challenges in metropolises. In this paper, aggregate production is studied in two scenarios: scenario 1 representing the production of natural aggregates (NA) and scenario 2 representing the production of recycled aggregates (RA). This study consists of two parts. In the first part, the objective is the environmental assessment (energy consumption and CO 2 emission) and economic (cost) evaluation of these two scenarios, which is pursued by life-cycle assessment (LCA) method. In the second part, the results of the first part are used to estimate the optimal combination of production of NA and RA and thereby find an optimal solution (scenario) for a more eco-friendly aggregate production. The defined formulas and relationship are used to develop a model. The results of model validation show that the optimal ratio, in optimal scenario, is 50%. The results show that, compared to scenario 1, optimal scenario improves the energy consumption, CO 2 emissions, and production cost by, respectively, 30%, 36%, and 31%, which demonstrate the effectiveness of this optimization.

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“…The annual concrete production is approximately 30 billion tonnes, with total mixing water of ~1 trillion liters (Monteiro et al 2017). Another study on concrete blocks production, demonstrated important variability in CO2 emissions and energy demand within manufactures of the same product (Oliveira et al 2016). Significant variation is expected due to energy matrix, technological route, resources availability, cement type, location and characterization factors which vary according to the chosen impact assessment method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concrete water footprint: a streamlined methodology

Vergara¹,

Lisbeth²

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Water is the most used substance in the world, followed by concrete. Water scarcity is nowadays more common due to concentrated population growth and climate change. Concrete demand is ~15 billion m 3 per year fulfilling the need for more and better housing and infrastructure for a growing and wealthier population. Since no other material could fulfil this demand, concrete needs to be produced in a sustainable way, minimizing environmental loads such as water consumption. The water footprint is a tool that measures water use over a products' life cycle and estimates its potential environmental impacts. Despite the growing concern on water, the existing water footprint methodologies are too complex and require large amounts of data. This study develops a streamlined water footprint methodology for concrete production, simple enough to be useful to the industry and robust enough to be environmentally meaningful. An extensive study on existing water footprint methodologies have been conducted. Then a streamlined methodology was proposed focused on the water flows that are more relevant in concrete production including water quantity and quality letting to meaningful results with less data. Typical water inventory includes the batch water (150-200 H kg/m 3), dust control (500-1500 H kg/day), truck washing (13-500 H kg/m 3), cement production (0.185-1.333 H kg/kg) and aggregates production (0.116-2.0 H kg/kg). Regarding water quality, the most critical flows-Zinc, Lead, Nitrate, Nitrogen oxides and Sulfur dioxide-were identified based on the contribution of these flows to the potential environmental impacts, the control or influence that the concrete producer has on the activities were these flows appear and the feasibility to measure these flows on site. Concrete water footprint varies due to mix design, technological routes, location and choice of impact assessment method. The results are of interest to the research community as well as to the stakeholders of the cement and concrete industries and a contribution to sustainable construction since study of water footprint is fundamental to improve water efficiency.

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Variability in the life cycle of concrete block CO2 emissions and cumulative energy demand in the Brazilian Market

Cited by 29 publications

References 7 publications

Environmental life cycle assessment and cost analysis of aggregate production industries compared with hybrid scenario

Environmental life cycle assessment and cost analysis of aggregate production industries compared with hybrid scenario

Economic and Environmental Evaluation and Optimal Ratio of Natural and Recycled Aggregate Production

Concrete water footprint: a streamlined methodology

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