“…Additionally, Boivin (2007) emphasized that the physical variables obtained from SSC showed small standard errors compared with other physical methods, such as water retention curve and hydraulic conductivity. Finally, several studies highlight the importance of applying SSC due to its reactivity to soil compaction (Boivin, Schäffer, et al, 2006;Fontana et al, 2015;Schäffer et al, 2008), land use change (Dörner et al, 2010;Zenero et al, 2019), tillage effect (Fontana et al, 2015;Mallory et al, 2011), the quantity of organic C (Boivin et al, 2009;Deeb, Grimaldi, Lerch, Pando, Podwojewski, et al, 2016), the quantity of clay and the Fe/clay ratio (Braudeau et al, 2005), the quality of clay (Boivin et al, 2004), cation exchange capacity (CEC; Yule & Ritchie, 1980), biological activity (e.g., macrofauna and rhizosphere; Deeb, Grimaldi, Lerch, Pando, Gigon, et al, 2016;Milleret et al, 2009), and crop production (Chan, 1982;McGarry & Daniells, 1987;Reeve & Hall, 1978). The SSC will be analyzed to characterize and understand the influence of three different residue management practices (burning and removing any residue left in the field after harvest; burning and scattering the residue left in the field after harvest; and no burning and scattering all residue material left in the field after harvest) combined with the presence or absence of chemical fertilizers in a long-term sugarcane experimental site.…”