Variability in sea-ice thickness over the North Pole from 1977 to 1990

McLaren, Alfred S.; Walsh, John E.; Bourke, Robert H.; Weaver, R. L.; Wrttmann, W.

doi:10.1038/358224a0

Cited by 35 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Some have compared data from two different clusters of years. Investigations focused on interannual change include McLaren et al [1992], Shy and Walsh [1996], Rothrock et al [1999], Tucker et al [2001], Winsor [2001], and Wadhams and Davis [2000]. Table 1 summarizes some of the examinations of submarine ice draft data for signs of interannual change.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The decline in arctic sea‐ice thickness: Separating the spatial, annual, and interannual variability in a quarter century of submarine data

2008

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The decline in arctic sea‐ice thickness: Separating the spatial, annual, and interannual variability in a quarter century of submarine data

2008

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“…In addition to its maintenance of global thermal balance, the ocean sustains many types of low-frequency natural variability. Variations of salinity and sea ice on interannual to interdecadal time scales have been observed in the North Atlantic subpolar region (Dickson et al, 1988;Mysak et al, 1990;Walsh and Johnson, 1979;Walsh, 1983;Walsh and Chapman, 1990;McLaren, et al, 1992;Gloersen and Campbell, 1991;Parkinson, 1991), including the Great Salinity Anomaly (GSA) (Dickson et al, 1988). It has been suggested that climate variations from decadal to millenial time scales are linked to the THC (Weaver et al, 1991;Mikolajewicz and Maier-Reimer, 1990;Broecker et al, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sea‐ice interaction with the thermohaline circulation

Yang

Neelin

1993

Geophysical Research Letters

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Linkages have been suggested between observed interdecadal variability of sea‐ice and salinity in the North Atlantic. A plausible mechanism for generating such variability through the interaction of sea‐ice and the thermohaline circulation (THC) is examined in a zonally‐averaged THC model coupled to a thermodynamic ice model. A self‐sustaining interdecadal oscillation arises through the feedbacks between salinity anomalies induced by the sea‐ice melting‐freezing process and anomalous meridional heat transport associated with the THC. The oscillation time scale is not associated with any oceanic time scales but fundamentally depends on ice‐THC coupling. The period is quite robust to stochastic forcing, although the regularity is strongly affected.

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“…The Arctic surface broadband albedo also signals the warming trend of the Arctic at the decadal rate of -3.0% at the confidence level of 98.8% in Autumn. The Arctic ocean areas have experienced warming much stronger than the Arctic surrounding land areas, resulting in the decrease of sea ice extent and sea ice thinning in pan-Arctic region as other researchers reported recently 23,24 . Corresponding to the warming trend in warming seasons in the Arctic, cloud coverage over the Arctic tends to be greater as revealed by our study in Spring and Summer due to the more water vapour available from melting sea ice.…”

Section: Fig 12mentioning

confidence: 94%

Arctic climate and its change revealed by surface and cloud properties and radiation fluxes based on the AVHRR Polar Pathfinder data set

Wang¹,

Key²

2002

SPIE Proceedings

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The newly available Advanced Very High Resolution (AVHRR) Polar Pathfinder (APP) data set of 18 years from 1982 to 1999, subsampled to a 25 km scale, was used to retrieve cloud amount, cloud optical depth, cloud particle size, cloud temperature, cloud particle phase, surface temperature, surface broadband albedo, radiation fluxes and shortwave and longwave cloud forcing over the Arctic ocean and surrounding land areas. The spatial and temporay distributions of those retrieved Arctic climate parameters together with an analysis of the seasonal and interannual variability in those parameters, especially surface temperature, surface broadband albedo, cloud amount and precipitable water, are presented. Results show that the Arctic climate has indeed warmed up as indicated by surface temperature, cloud amount, cloud particle size and phase at confidence level of higher than 95% for Spring and Summer times, but cooled down in winter. The surface broadband albedo has decreased significantly in Autumn indicating the late onset of sea ice and snow, especially for the Arctic ocean area. The Arctic ocean surface temperature has decreased during the wintertime at confidence level of 97%, especially for the central and eastern Arctic oceans. The Arctic Oscillation(AO) has strong correlation relationship with the surface temperature and cloud amount for some Arctic areas at the confidence level of almost 100%. For different areas in the entire Arctic region, the correlation relationship is different. The surface temperature and cloud amount in Greenland have negative correlation with the AO simultaneously, while that correlation turns to be positive in the north Europe area, indicating the different Arctic areas have different effects and feedback on the global climate system or vice versa.

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Variability in sea-ice thickness over the North Pole from 1977 to 1990

Cited by 35 publications

References 8 publications

The decline in arctic sea‐ice thickness: Separating the spatial, annual, and interannual variability in a quarter century of submarine data

The decline in arctic sea‐ice thickness: Separating the spatial, annual, and interannual variability in a quarter century of submarine data

Sea‐ice interaction with the thermohaline circulation

Arctic climate and its change revealed by surface and cloud properties and radiation fluxes based on the AVHRR Polar Pathfinder data set

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