Variability in modern sea surface temperature, sea ice and terrigenous input in the sub-polar North Pacific and Bering Sea: Reconstruction from biomarker data

Méheust, Marie; Fahl, Kirsten; Stein, Rüdiger

doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2013.01.008

Cited by 40 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Alkenone‐based SST and IP 25 concentrations were determined using gas chromatography (GC) and GC‐mass spectrometry according to the procedures described in Méheust et al . []. SSTs were determined using the Sikes et al .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deglacial subarctic Pacific surface water hydrography and nutrient dynamics and links to North Atlantic climate variability and atmospheric CO₂

et al. 2015

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The glacial-to-Holocene evolution of subarctic Pacific surface water stratification and silicic acid (Si) dynamics is investigated based on new combined diatom oxygen (δ 18 O diat ) and silicon (δ 30 Si diat ) isotope records, along with new biogenic opal, subsurface foraminiferal δ 18 O, alkenone-based sea surface temperature, sea ice, diatom, and core logging data from the NE Pacific. Our results suggest that δ 18 O diat values are primarily influenced by changes in freshwater discharge from the Cordilleran Ice Sheet (CIS), while corresponding δ 30 Si diat are primarily influenced by changes in Si supply to surface waters. Our data indicate enhanced glacial to mid Heinrich Stadial 1 (HS1) NE Pacific surface water stratification, generally limiting the Si supply to surface waters. However, we suggest that an increase in Si supply during early HS1, when surface waters were still stratified, is linked to increased North Pacific Intermediate Water formation. The coincidence between fresh surface waters during HS1 and enhanced ice-rafted debris sedimentation in the North Atlantic indicates a close link between CIS and Laurentide Ice Sheet dynamics and a dominant atmospheric control on CIS deglaciation. The Bølling/Allerød (B/A) is characterized by destratification in the subarctic Pacific and an increased supply of saline, Si-rich waters to surface waters. This change toward increased convection occurred prior to the Bølling warming and is likely triggered by a switch to sea ice-free conditions during late HS1. Our results furthermore indicate a decreased efficiency of the biological pump during late HS1 and the B/A (possibly also the Younger Dryas), suggesting that the subarctic Pacific has then been a source region of atmospheric CO 2 .

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deglacial subarctic Pacific surface water hydrography and nutrient dynamics and links to North Atlantic climate variability and atmospheric CO₂

et al. 2015

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“…Total organic carbon in the INOPEX sediments is typically <1% (Méheust et al, 2013) and therefore negligible for calculating the lithogenic fraction.…”

Section: Dust Fractionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eolian dust input to the Subarctic North Pacific

Serno

Winckler

Anderson

et al. 2014

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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Eolian dust is a significant source of iron and other nutrients that are essential for the health of marine ecosystems and potentially a controlling factor of the high nutrient-low chlorophyll status of the Subarctic North Pacific. We map the spatial distribution of dust input using three different geochemical tracers of eolian dust, 4 He, 232 Th and rare earth elements, in combination with grain size distribution data, from a set of core-top sediments covering the entire Subarctic North Pacific. Using the suite of geochemical proxies to fingerprint different lithogenic components, we deconvolve eolian dust input from other lithogenic inputs such as volcanic ash, ice-rafted debris, riverine and hemipelagic input. While the open ocean sites far away from the volcanic arcs are dominantly composed of pure eolian dust, lithogenic components other than eolian dust play a more crucial role along the arcs. In sites dominated by dust, eolian dust input appears to be characterized by a nearly uniform grain size mode at ∼4 μm.Applying the 230 Th-normalization technique, our proxies yield a consistent pattern of uniform dust fluxes of 1-2 g/m 2 /yr across the Subarctic North Pacific. Elevated eolian dust fluxes of 2-4 g/m 2 /yr characterize the westernmost region off Japan and the southern Kurile Islands south of 45 • N and west of 165 • E along the main pathway of the westerly winds. The core-top based dust flux reconstruction is consistent with recent estimates based on dissolved thorium isotope concentrations in seawater from the Subarctic North Pacific. The dust flux pattern compares well with state-of-the-art dust model predictions in the western and central Subarctic North Pacific, but we find that dust fluxes are higher than modeled fluxes by 0.5-1 g/m 2 /yr in the northwest, northeast and eastern Subarctic North Pacific. Our results provide an important benchmark for biogeochemical models and a robust approach for downcore studies testing dust-induced iron fertilization of past changes in biological productivity in the Subarctic North Pacific.

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“…We believe that all of these demand serious attention, especially as sea ice reconstruction studies carried out thus far have depended critically, not only on the variable abundance of IP 25 (see Belt and Müller, 2013 for a review) but also on its presence/absence (e.g. Axford et al, 2011;Belt and Müller, 2013;Cabedo-Sanz et al, 2013;Méheust et al, 2013;Navarro-Rodriguez et al, 2013;Stoynova et al, 2013). As a further recommendation from this study, therefore, we propose that laboratories not only measure, but report, certain aspects pertaining to figures of merit for their analytical procedure, including assessments of precision (e.g.…”

Section: Key Outcomes and Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An inter-laboratory investigation of the Arctic sea ice biomarker proxy IP<sub>25</sub> in marine sediments: key outcomes and recommendations

et al. 2014

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Abstract. We describe the results of an inter-laboratory investigation into the identification and quantification of the Arctic sea ice biomarker proxy IP 25 in marine sediments. Seven laboratories took part in the study, which consisted of the analysis of IP 25 in a series of sediment samples from different regions of the Arctic, sub-Arctic and Antarctic, additional sediment extracts and purified standards. The results obtained allowed 4 key outcomes to be determined. First, IP 25 was identified by all laboratories in sediments from the Canadian Arctic with inter-laboratory variation in IP 25 concentration being substantially larger than within individual laboratories. This greater variation between laboratories was attributed to the difficulty in accurately determining instrumental response factors for IP 25 , even though laboratories were supplied with appropriate standards. Second, the identification of IP 25 by 3 laboratories in sediment from SW Iceland that was believed to represent a blank, was interpreted as representing a better limit of detection or quantification for such laboratories, contamination or mis-identification. These alternatives could not be distinguished conclusively with the data available, although it is noted that the precision of these data was significantly poorer compared with the other IP 25 concentration measurements. Third, 3 laboratories reported the occurrence of IP 25 in a sediment sample from the Antarctic Peninsula even though this biomarker is believed to be absent from the Southern Ocean. This anomaly is attributed to a combined chromatographic and mass spectrometric interference that results from the presence of a di-unsaturated highly branched isoprenoid (HBI) pseudo-homologue of IP 25 that occurs in Antarctic sediments. Finally, data are presented that suggest that extraction of IP 25 is consistent between Accelerated Solvent Extraction (ASE) and sonication methods and that IP 25 concentrations based on 7-hexylnonadecane as an internal standard are comparable using these methods. Recoveries of some more unsaturated HBIs and the internal standard 9-octylheptadecene, however, were lower with the ASE procedure, possibly due to partial degradation of these more reactive chemicals as a result of higher temperatures employed with this method. For future measurements, we recommend the use of reference sediment material with known concentration(s) of IP 25 for determining and routinely monitoring instrumental response factors. Given the significance placed on the presence (or otherwise) of IP 25 in marine sediments, some further recommendations pertaining to quality control are made that should also enable the two main anomalies identified here to be addressed.

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Variability in modern sea surface temperature, sea ice and terrigenous input in the sub-polar North Pacific and Bering Sea: Reconstruction from biomarker data

Cited by 40 publications

References 67 publications

Deglacial subarctic Pacific surface water hydrography and nutrient dynamics and links to North Atlantic climate variability and atmospheric CO₂

Deglacial subarctic Pacific surface water hydrography and nutrient dynamics and links to North Atlantic climate variability and atmospheric CO₂

Eolian dust input to the Subarctic North Pacific

An inter-laboratory investigation of the Arctic sea ice biomarker proxy IP<sub>25</sub> in marine sediments: key outcomes and recommendations

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Variability in modern sea surface temperature, sea ice and terrigenous input in the sub-polar North Pacific and Bering Sea: Reconstruction from biomarker data

Cited by 40 publications

References 67 publications

Deglacial subarctic Pacific surface water hydrography and nutrient dynamics and links to North Atlantic climate variability and atmospheric CO2

Deglacial subarctic Pacific surface water hydrography and nutrient dynamics and links to North Atlantic climate variability and atmospheric CO2

Eolian dust input to the Subarctic North Pacific

An inter-laboratory investigation of the Arctic sea ice biomarker proxy IP&lt;sub&gt;25&lt;/sub&gt; in marine sediments: key outcomes and recommendations

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Deglacial subarctic Pacific surface water hydrography and nutrient dynamics and links to North Atlantic climate variability and atmospheric CO₂

Deglacial subarctic Pacific surface water hydrography and nutrient dynamics and links to North Atlantic climate variability and atmospheric CO₂

An inter-laboratory investigation of the Arctic sea ice biomarker proxy IP<sub>25</sub> in marine sediments: key outcomes and recommendations