Abstract:A high degree of precision is possible in CT measurement of AAA diameter, but this precision may not be obtained in practice because of differences in measurement techniques. Differences between imaging modalities increase variability further. Variations in AAA measurement of 0.5 cm or more are not uncommon, and this should be taken into account in management decisions. Efforts to reduce variation in measurement are warranted and might include (1) seeking agreement between surgeons and radiologists on a precis… Show more
“…It is important to note that CT measurements of aneurysm size tend to be larger than ultrasound measurements by a mean of 3 to 9 mm, according to the aneurysm size. 41,42 CT angiography (3-dimensional display of the aorta and its branches) is particularly useful, in that it provides more comprehensive evaluation of the anatomy of both the abdominal aortic aneurysm and the renal, mesenteric, and iliac arteries ( Figure 11). In those in whom contrast-enhanced CT scanning is contraindicated (eg, renal insufficiency or allergy), MR angiography is an alternative for the comprehensive evaluation of aortic aneurysms.…”
“…It is important to note that CT measurements of aneurysm size tend to be larger than ultrasound measurements by a mean of 3 to 9 mm, according to the aneurysm size. 41,42 CT angiography (3-dimensional display of the aorta and its branches) is particularly useful, in that it provides more comprehensive evaluation of the anatomy of both the abdominal aortic aneurysm and the renal, mesenteric, and iliac arteries ( Figure 11). In those in whom contrast-enhanced CT scanning is contraindicated (eg, renal insufficiency or allergy), MR angiography is an alternative for the comprehensive evaluation of aortic aneurysms.…”
“…3,4 Additionally, USV is convenient, noninvasive, inexpensive and portable, does not involve radiation exposure and does not need contrast. However, there is a relatively higher rate of interobserver and intraobserver variability with ultrasonography than with angiotomography, 18 but this variability is no larger than 4 mm, on average. 19 Additionally, ultrasonography is also able to provide a better approximation to the true perpendicular diameter of an abdominal aortic aneurysm, since it is not affected by the angle of the aorta, which impacts on tomography results at angles greater than 25°.…”
Background: There is little information available on follow-up of abdominal aortic aneurysm patients treated with endovascular repair using vascular ultrasonography in Brazil or on how it compares with the results of angiotomography. Since ultrasonography is an examination that is risk-free, inexpensive and widely available, it is a very attractive method. In this study we attempted to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of vascular ultrasonography for follow-up of these patients by comparing the method with angiotomography. Materials and methods: We conducted a prospective study from June 2012 to May 2013. We examined patients followed-up at the endovascular surgery clinic run by the University Hospital of Londrina after endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms. All patients underwent angiotomography for follow-up and were also examined using simple abdominal X-rays and vascular ultrasonography. Results: A total of 30 patients were analyzed, with a mean age of 73 years and a mean aneurysm diameter of 6 cm. Four endoleaks were detected. Vascular ultrasonography achieved sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 96% for classification of these endoleaks, in comparison with angiotomography. Conclusions: Vascular ultrasonography is an excellent primary method for evaluation and post-surgical follow-up of patients treated with endovascular repair of abdominal aorta aneurysms. However, when ultrasonography detects problems or is difficult to accomplish, it should be supplemented with a more specific investigation for diagnostic confirmation.
“…Using the results of Destrade et al [14] (see also Chadwick [15]), we find that the incremental equations of motion can be written as a first-order differential system of six equations, namely 17) where the notation ξ is defined by 18) and the 6 × 6 matrix N has the block structure 19) in which the 3×3 matrices N 1 , N 2 , N 3 are real and their components depend on the material parameters γ ij and β ij given in (2.13), and the notation ρ = ρω 2 /k 2 has been introduced. Here I represents the 3 × 3 identity matrix.…”
Section: The Pre-stressed Elastic Half-spacementioning
confidence: 93%
“…Its accuracy is as good as that of computed tomography (CT) scans and it has obvious non-radiative advantages [19], [20], [21]. We now apply the results of this section to an IVUS context.…”
Section: Application: Modelling Of Intravascular Ultrasoundmentioning
We analyze the influence of pre-stress on the propagation of interfacial waves along the boundary of an incompressible hyperelastic half-space that is in contact with a viscous fluid extending to infinity in the adjoining half-space.One aim is to derive rigorously the incremental boundary conditions at the interface; this derivation is delicate because of the interplay between the Lagrangian and the Eulerian descriptions but is crucial for numerous problems concerned with the interaction between a compliant wall and a viscous fluid. A second aim of this work is to model the ultrasonic waves used in the assessment of aortic aneurysms, and here we find that for this purpose the half-space idealization is justified at high frequencies. A third goal is to shed some light on the stability behaviour in compression of the solid half-space, as compared with the situation in the absence of fluid; we find that the usual technique of seeking standing waves solutions is not appropriate when the half-space is in contact with a fluid; in fact, a correct analysis reveals that the presence of a viscous fluid makes a compressed neo-Hookean half-space slightly more stable.For a wave travelling in a direction of principal strain, we obtain results for the case of a general (incompressible isotropic) strain-energy function. For a wave travelling parallel to the interface and in an arbitrary direction in a plane of principal strain, we specialize the analysis to the neo-Hookean strain-energy function.
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