Variability in digestive and respiratory tract Ace2 expression is associated with the microbiome

Koester, Sean T.; Li, Naisi; Lachance, Daniel M.; Morella, Norma M.; Dey, Neelendu

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0248730

Cited by 33 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Nevertheless, the ACE2-MAS axis constitutes a promising therapeutic target and represents a potential factor that underlies microbiome-related effects. It has been shown that modulation of bacterial composition may impact the amount of ACE2 in the intestine ( 121 – 123 ). In line with this, it has been shown that ACE2 gene expression in tissues from colorectal cancers was positively correlated with the abundance of specific bacterial taxa, most prominently Chlamydia ( 124 ).…”

Section: Ras and Gut Microbiota In Health And Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

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Gut microbiota and renin-angiotensin system: a complex interplay at local and systemic levels

Jaworska

Koper

Ufnal

2021

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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Gut microbiota is a potent biological modulator of many physiological and pathological states. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS), including the local gastrointestinal RAS (GI RAS), emerges as a potential mediator of microbiota-related effects. The RAS is involved in cardiovascular system homeostasis, water-electrolyte balance, intestinal absorption, glycemic control, inflammation, carcinogenesis and aging-related processes. Ample evidence suggests a bidirectional interaction between the microbiome and RAS. On the one hand, gut bacteria and their metabolites may modulate GI and systemic RAS. On the other hand, changes in the intestinal habitat caused by alterations in RAS may shape microbiota metabolic activity and composition. Notably, the pharmacodynamic effects of the RAS-targeted therapies may be in part mediated by the intestinal RAS and changes in the microbiome. This review summarizes studies on gut microbiota and RAS physiology. Expanding the research on this topic may lay a foundation for new therapeutic paradigms in gastrointestinal diseases and multiple systemic disorders.

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Section: Ras and Gut Microbiota In Health And Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The latest study on mice supports these results as ACE2 levels in intestines were significantly higher in germ-free animals than in conventional mice. The germ-free phenotype was partially recapitulated by antibiotic treatment ( 123 ).…”

Section: Ras and Gut Microbiota In Health And Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota and renin-angiotensin system: a complex interplay at local and systemic levels

Jaworska

Koper

Ufnal

2021

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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“…Additionally, some studies have shown a relationship between the composition of the gut and respiratory microbiota and disease severity [12]. This relationship appears to be mainly based on the capacity of the microbiota to modulate the immune response [13,14], through modification of the gut-lung axis [12,15,16], and to alter the expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors, which are used by SARS-CoV-2 to enter host cells [17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nasopharyngeal Microbiota as an early severity biomarker in COVID-19 hospitalised patients: a retrospective cohort study in a Mediterranean area

Ventero

Moreno-Pérez

Molina-Pardines

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: There is mounting evidence suggesting that the microbiome composition could be different in COVID-19 patients. However, the relationship between microbiota and COVID-19 severity progression is still being assessed. This study aimed to analyse the diversity and taxonomic composition of the nasopharyngeal microbiota, to determine its association with COVID-19 clinical outcome. Methods and Findings: Samples came from a retrospective cohort of adult patients with COVID-19, hospitalised in a tertiary centre. To study the nasopharyngeal microbiota, we utilized 16S rRNA sequencing. Raw sequences were processed by QIIME2. The associations between the microbiota, invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), and all-cause mortality were analysed by multiple logistic regression (OR; 95%CI), adjusted for age, gender, and comorbidity. 177 patients were included: median age 68.0 years, 57.6% males, 59.3% had a Charlson comorbidity index ≥3, and 89.2% with pneumonia. The microbiota α diversity indexes were lower in patients with a fatal outcome, and this association persisted after adjustment for the main confounders; whereas the β diversity analysis showed a significant clustering, grouping the patients with a fatal outcome. After multivariate adjustment, the presence of Selenomonas spp., Filifactor spp., Actinobacillus spp., or Chroococcidiopsis spp., was associated with a reduced risk of IMV (adjusted OR 0.06[95%CI 0.01–0.047], p = 0.007). Conclusions: The microbiota diversity and taxonomic composition are related to COVID-19 severity. Higher diversity and the presence of certain genera in the nasopharyngeal microbiota seem to be early biomarkers of a favourable clinical evolution in hospitalised patients with moderate to severe SARS-CoV-2 infections.

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“… 289 , 290 Several studies have found a reduction of ACE2 expression in the gastrointestinal tract in SARS-CoV. 291 , 292 As a consequence, the decrease in ACE2 may account for the decrease in tryptophan absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. This may account for the gastrointestinal symptoms caused by SARS-CoV-2, such as diarrhea, and may be a potential regulatory mechanism of the gut microbiome.…”

Section: New Biomarkers-based Laboratory Findings For Covid-19 Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of laboratory findings in the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of COVID-19

Meng

Guo

Zhou

et al. 2021

Sig Transduct Target Ther

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The worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) presents us with a serious public health crisis. To combat the virus and slow its spread, wider testing is essential. There is a need for more sensitive, specific, and convenient detection methods of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Advanced detection can greatly improve the ability and accuracy of the clinical diagnosis of COVID-19, which is conducive to the early suitable treatment and supports precise prophylaxis. In this article, we combine and present the latest laboratory diagnostic technologies and methods for SARS-CoV-2 to identify the technical characteristics, considerations, biosafety requirements, common problems with testing and interpretation of results, and coping strategies of commonly used testing methods. We highlight the gaps in current diagnostic capacity and propose potential solutions to provide cutting-edge technical support to achieve a more precise diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of COVID-19 and to overcome the difficulties with the normalization of epidemic prevention and control.

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Variability in digestive and respiratory tract Ace2 expression is associated with the microbiome

Cited by 33 publications

References 20 publications

Gut microbiota and renin-angiotensin system: a complex interplay at local and systemic levels

Gut microbiota and renin-angiotensin system: a complex interplay at local and systemic levels

Nasopharyngeal Microbiota as an early severity biomarker in COVID-19 hospitalised patients: a retrospective cohort study in a Mediterranean area

Applications of laboratory findings in the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of COVID-19

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