Variability in content of hydrophilic extractives and individual phenolic compounds in black locust stem

Vek, Viljem; Poljanšek, Ida; Oven, Primož

doi:10.1007/s00107-020-01523-y

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Wood of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) were included in the present investigation. The materials used in this investigation have already been described in our recent research reports [57,58] A number of stem discs were taken at different heights of the stems and transported to a woodworking workshop. Knotwood (or simply knots) of Scots pine and heartwood of black locust were selected as material for extraction for the purposes of this study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Fungal Decay Resistance of Less Durable Sapwood by Impregnation with Scots Pine Knotwood and Black Locust Heartwood Hydrophilic Extractives with Antifungal or Antioxidant Properties

Vek

Balzano

Poljanšek

et al. 2020

Forests

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Research Highlights: The antifungal assay confirmed that knotwood extractives of Scots pine inhibit the growth of wood decay fungi. Heartwood extracts of black locust were found to be much stronger free radical scavengers than the extracts of Scots pine. The extracts were deposited in the lumina and on the wall surface of cells in the impregnated sapwood. Impregnation of the sapwood blocks with Scots pine and black locust extracts reduced the fungal decay of wood. Objectives: Hydrophilic extracts of Scots pine knotwood and black locust heartwood were chemically analyzed, tested for antifungal and antioxidant properties and used for impregnation of beech and Scots pine sapwood. Materials and Methods: Scots pine knotwood and black locust heartwood were extracted, and obtained hydrophilic extractives were chemically analyzed. Extracts were analyzed for antifungal properties with the in vitro well-diffusion method. The free radical scavenging activity of wood extracts was measured colorimetrically. The retention of the extracts in the impregnated sapwood blocks was evaluated with microscopy and gravimetry. A decay test was performed with the mini block test. Results: Almost half of both Scots pine knotwood and black locust heartwood hydrophilic extracts obtained were described by phenolic compounds. The extracts were deposited in the lumina of cells and on the cell wall surface. Extractives of Scots pine knotwood had good inhibitory properties against white- and brown-rot fungi. On the other hand, extractives of black locust heartwood were found to be good radical scavengers, better than knotwood extractives of Scots pine. The extracts of Scots pine knotwood and black locust reduced the fungal decay of the tested sapwood blocks. Conclusions: The results of this research show that the less-valued knotwood of Scots pine and heartwood of black locust are a potential source of antifungal and antioxidant agents for bio-based wood preservatives.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Fungal Decay Resistance of Less Durable Sapwood by Impregnation with Scots Pine Knotwood and Black Locust Heartwood Hydrophilic Extractives with Antifungal or Antioxidant Properties

Vek

Balzano

Poljanšek

et al. 2020

Forests

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“…Since then, content and composition of extractives were determined for many tree species, revealing high inter-and intraspecific variation caused by ecological factors, tree age and genetic diversity (Fries et al 2000;Kebbi-Benkeder et al 2015;Klasnja et al 2003). In addition, pronounced within-tree variation along and across the stem was observed (Adamopoulos et al 2005;Brennan et al 2020a;Kebbi-Benkeder et al 2017;Vek et al 2020). Due to their enormous variability in content and chemical composition, extractives also affect the suitability of wood for technical applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extractives in Douglas firs (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) from three sites in south-west Germany and potential opportunities for valorization

et al. 2023

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Owing to favorable wood properties and its resilience to the effects of climate change, Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) is a promising tree species in Central Europe. Its wood and bark extractives could also serve as feedstock for the production of bio-based materials and platform chemicals. In this study, sapwood, heartwood, knotwood and bark extractives of Douglas firs originating from three differently aged stands in south-west Germany were investigated. Two different extraction methods with organic solvents were compared: a mixture of cyclohexane/ethanol and a successive method using petroleum ether, acetone and methanol. Extraction yields obtained with the successive method were higher, however one-step extraction was very efficient considering the number of samples that could be extracted and is therefore useful for a fast screening. At all sites, extract yields from sapwood, heartwood and bark were highest close to the tree top, while at the two older sites, an additional maximum was found at 1.3 m height. Knotwood extractives tended to decline with increasing tree height. The most abundant substance with economic importance was taxifolin, yielding up to 13% of dry weight in bark, whereas knotwood contained high amounts of resin acids and the lignan nortrachelogenin. Contrary to other studies, the present study found no evidence of a significant site effect on yield and composition of extracts. Overall, many different compounds for future bio-economic applications were found so that the preferential utilization of extractive-rich bark and crown material could foster an integral valorization of trees, supplementing with existing high grade timber production.

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“…95% of the wood ( Holmbom et al, 2008 ). Wood also contains smaller amounts of non-structural compounds, known also as extractives ( Vek et al, 2020 ). Extractives include a large variety of compounds that can be removed from the wood tissue by relatively simple extraction methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Taxifolin and dihydrokaempferol are reported as such compounds for wood of Douglas fir ( Dellus et al, 1997 ). It is known that the amounts of extractives in the wood of all trees, as well of Douglas fir vary ( Adamopoulos et al, 2005 ; Vek et al, 2020 ). Specific woody tissues contain more extractives than others, e.g., the wood of dead branches embedded in a stem (wood of knots) is one of the richest sources of polyphenols in nature ( Willför et al, 2004 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Durability and Moisture Dynamics of Douglas-Fir Wood From Slovenia

et al. 2022

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Wood in outdoor applications is subject to various decomposition factors. Wood degradation can be prevented by construction details, biocide protection of wood, wood modification or selection of naturally durable species. Unfortunately, most species in Europe do not have naturally durable wood. Imported tree species represent a new pool from which we can draw wood species with better natural durability and better resilience towards climate change. The performance of wood when used outdoors depends on the biologically active compounds (extractives) and the water exclusion efficacy. Considering decay, presence of biologically active compounds and water exclusion efficacy, we can estimate the density, modulus of elasticity, extractive content and resistance dose, which reflects the material properties of wood. Recently, the most commonly used model for this purpose is Meyer-Veltrup. Literature data indicate that the durability of the wood from native and new sites is not always comparable, so it is necessary to determine the resistance of non-native wood species from new sites. This paper presents original data on the wood’s overall durability from American Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) grown in Slovenia. Experimental data show that the mature heartwood of Douglas fir is more durable than the wood of European larch (Larix decidua). Durability can be attributed to good water exclusion efficacy and inherent durability. Inherent durability is primarily the result of the high content of extractives. Based on the results, it can be concluded that American Douglas fir grown in Central Europe has a high potential for outdoor use.

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Variability in content of hydrophilic extractives and individual phenolic compounds in black locust stem

Cited by 12 publications

References 34 publications

Improving Fungal Decay Resistance of Less Durable Sapwood by Impregnation with Scots Pine Knotwood and Black Locust Heartwood Hydrophilic Extractives with Antifungal or Antioxidant Properties

Improving Fungal Decay Resistance of Less Durable Sapwood by Impregnation with Scots Pine Knotwood and Black Locust Heartwood Hydrophilic Extractives with Antifungal or Antioxidant Properties

Extractives in Douglas firs (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) from three sites in south-west Germany and potential opportunities for valorization

Durability and Moisture Dynamics of Douglas-Fir Wood From Slovenia

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