Variability in Age of Initial Shortening and Uplift in the Central Andes, 16–33°30′S

Jordan, Teresa E.; ReynoldsIII, James H.; Erikson, Johan P.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-5935-1_3

Cited by 68 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…Middle Eocene-Oligocene growth of a flexural foredeep was driven by shortening in the western and central Eastern Cordillera, where balanced cross sections indicate up to 60-140 km of coeval shortening, although uncertainties in these estimates are poorly defined [Sheffels, 1990;Baby et al, 1997;Kley and Monaldi, 1998;McQuarrie and DeCelles, 2001;McQuarrie, 2002a;Müller et al, 2002]. A lack of volcanic material suggests that shortening and foredeep generation preceded the $25 Ma onset of volcanism across the Western Cordillera to Eastern Cordillera region [Coira et al, 1982;Isacks, 1988;Sempere et al, 1990;Allmendinger et al, 1997;Jordan et al, 1997]. Growth of intermontane basins at 25-17 Ma, as defined by 40 Ar/ 39 Ar analyses (Figure 6), occurred after the major episode of upper crustal shortening.…”

Section: Basin Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These comparisons, however, arrive at conflicting conclusions about whether shortening rates have increased, decreased, or remained steady during Cenozoic deformation. Meaningful assessments are precluded by disagreement over the magnitude and duration of long-term shortening, with estimates ranging from 50 to 500 km over the past 10 to 70 Myr [Isacks, 1988;Sempere et al, 1990;Gubbels et al, 1993;Jordan et al, 1997;Kley and Monaldi, 1998;McQuarrie, 2002aMcQuarrie, , 2002bDeCelles and Horton, 2003;McQuarrie et al, 2005].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Revised deformation history of the central Andes: Inferences from Cenozoic foredeep and intermontane basins of the Eastern Cordillera, Bolivia

2005

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Investigation of Cenozoic deformation, sediment accumulation, and provenance in the Eastern Cordillera of Bolivia at 17–21°S indicates major shortening (60–140 km) and foredeep development followed by limited internal shortening and intermontane basin development. Contrasting histories of shortening, deposition, sediment dispersal, and detrital composition distinguish a formerly extensive Paleogene foredeep exposed along an eastern belt of synclines from a zone of principally Neogene intermontane basins in the central Eastern Cordillera. New 40Ar/39Ar ages of 25–17 Ma for interbedded tuffs reveal latest Oligocene–early Miocene accumulation in intermontane basins at rates <80 m/Myr, several times lower than Andean foredeeps. Although poorly dated, foredeep evolution probably coincided with middle Eocene–Oligocene deformation and denudation in adjoining regions to the west. A mid‐Cenozoic transition from foredeep to intermontane conditions may be attributable to emplacement of a basement‐involved tectonic wedge beneath the Eastern Cordillera. In this interpretation, wedge emplacement drove flexural foredeep subsidence from roughly 40 to 25 Ma, whereas subsequent accumulation occurred in localized internally drained basins in elevated intermontane areas. Regardless of the regional subsurface structural geometry, 40Ar/39Ar ages define a 25–21 Ma onset of intermontane sedimentation that signifies the termination of major upper crustal shortening over large parts of the Eastern Cordillera and possibly the age of initial shortening in the Interandean and Subandean zones to the east. In contrast to several popular models, the revised tectonic history presented here suggests significant pre‐Neogene shortening in the Eastern Cordillera and underscores the large uncertainties in estimates of long‐term shortening rates in the Andes.

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Section: Basin Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revised deformation history of the central Andes: Inferences from Cenozoic foredeep and intermontane basins of the Eastern Cordillera, Bolivia

2005

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“…Seismicity shows that the eastern margin of the Andes is the most actively deforming part of the central Andes (Plate 1 and Figure 3, triangles 1-11). In Bolivia this region comprises the sub-Andean zone, containing thick sequences of continental redbeds, which have been deposited since the latest Oligocene (-25 Ma) in a foreland basin [Jordan et al, 1997]. These sequences are intensely deformed in a NE to east-verging fold and thrust belt.…”

Section: Active Faulting and Tiltingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active deformation in the Bolivian Andes, South America

Lamb¹

2000

J. Geophys. Res.

120

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Abstract. A method is described for determining the horizontal field of velocity and velocity gradients in the Bolivian Andes in the vicinity of the Bolivian orocline, using the following data: (1) space-geodetic measurements of crustal motions; (2) the style, distribution, and rate of late Miocene-Quaternary folding and faulting; and (3) paleomagnetic measurements of rigid body rotations about a vertical axis. These data were analyzed in a network of 26 triangles which spanned the Bolivian Andes by solving the velocity gradient compatibility equations between adjacent triangles, subject to the input data constraints. This

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“…The basin formed as part of the Andean ocean-continent convergent margin with eastward subduction of the oceanic Nazca Plate beneath the continental South American Plate [23,24]. The central Andes developed eastward during the Cenozoic and regional horizontal shortening led to increasing thickness of the continental crust [25,26]. The Altiplano Basin, an endorheic basin, is filled with Tertiary to Quaternary fluvial and lacustrine sediments and volcaniclastic deposits [27,28].…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Vegetated Playa Morphodynamics Using Multi-Temporal Landsat Imagery in a Semi-Arid Endorheic Basin: Salar de Uyuni, Bolivia

Menenti

Mousivand

et al. 2014

Remote Sensing

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Playas in endorheic basins are of environmental value and highly scientific because of their natural habitats of a wide variety of species and indicators for climatic changes and tectonic activities within continents. Remote sensing, due to its capability of acquiring repetitive data with synoptic coverage, provides a unique tool to monitor and collect spatial information about playas. Most studies have concentrated on evaporite mineral distribution using remote sensing techniques but research about grain size distribution and geomorphologic changes in playas has been rarely reported. We analysed playa morphodynamics using Landsat time series data in a semi-arid endorheic basin, Salar de Uyuni in Bolivia. The spectral libraries explaining the relationship between surface reflectance and surficial materials are extracted from the Landsat image on 11 November 2012, the collected samples in the area and the precipitation data. Such spectral libraries are then applied to the classification of the other Landsat images from 1985-2011 using maximum likelihood classifier. Four types of surficial materials on the playa are identified: salty surface, silt-rich surface, clay-rich surface and pure salt. The silt-rich surface is related to crevasse splays and river banks while the clay-rich surface is associated with floodplain and channel depressions. The classification results show that the silt-rich surface tends to have a positive relationship with annual precipitation, whereas the

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Variability in Age of Initial Shortening and Uplift in the Central Andes, 16–33°30′S

Cited by 68 publications

References 41 publications

Revised deformation history of the central Andes: Inferences from Cenozoic foredeep and intermontane basins of the Eastern Cordillera, Bolivia

Revised deformation history of the central Andes: Inferences from Cenozoic foredeep and intermontane basins of the Eastern Cordillera, Bolivia

Active deformation in the Bolivian Andes, South America

Non-Vegetated Playa Morphodynamics Using Multi-Temporal Landsat Imagery in a Semi-Arid Endorheic Basin: Salar de Uyuni, Bolivia

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