Variability and host range of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Eastern and North Eastern India

Borah, T. R.; Dutta, Subrata; Barman, Ashis Roy; Helim, R.; Sen, Krishnendu

doi:10.1007/s42161-021-00815-3

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is rich in genetic diversity worldwide [69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76]. Previously, the Chinese S. sclerotiorum population was found to have a greater genetic variance for most of the traits than the US population and they did not share any mycelial compatibility groups or multilocus haplotypes [46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal Strains with Identical Genomes Were Found at a Distance of 2000 Kilometers after 40 Years

Zhu

Lin²,

Lyu³

et al. 2022

JoF

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Heredity and variation are inherent characteristics of species and are mainly reflected in the stability and variation of the genome; the former is relative, while the latter is continuous. However, whether life has both stable genomes and extremely diverse genomes at the same time is unknown. In this study, we isolated Sclerotinia sclerotiorum strains from sclerotium samples in Quincy, Washington State, USA, and found that four single-sclerotium-isolation strains (PB4, PB273, PB615, and PB623) had almost identical genomes to the reference strain 1980 isolated in the west of Nebraska 40 years ago. The genome of strain PB4 sequenced by the next-generation sequencing (NGS) and Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) sequencing carried only 135 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 18 structural variations (SVs) compared with the genome of strain 1980 and 48 SNPs were distributed on Contig_20. Based on data generated by NGS, three other strains, PB273, PB615, and PB623, had 256, 275, and 262 SNPs, respectively, against strain 1980, which were much less than in strain PB4 (532 SNPs) and none of them occurred on Contig_20, suggesting much closer genomes to strain 1980 than to strain PB4. All other strains from America and China are rich in SNPs with a range of 34,391–77,618 when compared with strain 1980. We also found that there were 39–79 SNPs between strain PB4 and its sexual offspring, 53.1% of which also occurred on Contig_20. Our discoveries show that there are two types of genomes in S. sclerotiorum, one is very stable and the other tends to change constantly. Investigating the mechanism of such genome stability will enhance our understanding of heredity and variation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal Strains with Identical Genomes Were Found at a Distance of 2000 Kilometers after 40 Years

Zhu

Lin²,

Lyu³

et al. 2022

JoF

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“…The Mycological Portal to fungal herbarium and culture collections ( , accessed on 25 August 2021) provided geographic distribution data for S. sclerotiorum , for Maxent bioclimatic modeling studies ( Table S1 , Mycological Portal, 67 records, 17 countries). A world validation dataset was generated separately from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF.org (11 May 2021) GBIF Occurrence Download ) and the scientific literature [ 23 ] without the occurrence data points used in the initial Maxent model analysis ( Table S2 , GBIF, 85 records, 13 countries). A spreadsheet file for S. sclerotinia was created in Microsoft Office Excel 365 containing columns of distribution data with the fungal species name, latitude, longitude, and locality names and then exported to a CSV text file.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the Climate Niche of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Using Maximum Entropy Modeling

Cohen

2023

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Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, a fungal pathogen, causes world-wide crop losses and additional disease management strategies are needed. Modeling the climate niche of this fungus may offer a tool for the selection of biological control organisms and cultural methods of control. Maxent, a modeling technique, was used to characterize the climate niche for the fungus. The technique requires disease occurrence data, bioclimatic data layers, and geospatial analysis. A cross-correlation was performed with ArcGIS 10.8.1, to reduce nineteen bioclimatic variables (WorldClim) to nine variables. The model results were evaluated by AUC (area under the curve). A final model was created with the random seed procedure of Maxent and gave an average AUC of 0.935 with an AUC difference of −0.008. The most critical variables included annual precipitation (importance: 14.1%) with a range of 450 mm to 2500 mm and the mean temperature of the coldest quarter0 (importance: 55.6%) with a range of −16 °C to 24 °C, which contributed the most to the final model. A habitat suitability map was generated in ArcGIS 10.8.1 from the final Maxent model. The final model was validated by comparing results with another occurrence dataset. A Z-Score statistical test confirmed no significant differences between the two datasets for all suitability areas.

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Variation in Pathogenicity and Subsequent Production of Sclerotia of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Isolates in Different Cover Crops, Flower Strips, and Weeds

Zamani-Noor,

Brand,

Noshin

et al. 2024

Plant Disease

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Cover crops and flower strips are used in agricultural fields as part of integrated pest management strategies. However, their potential as secondary hosts of soilborne pathogens such as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in oilseed rape cultivation is not fully comprehended. In the current study, we evaluated the effect of pathogen virulence on the development of Sclerotinia stem/leaf rot and sclerotia production in 33 plant species from 11 botanical families using two S. sclerotiorum isolates. Furthermore, the effect of sclerotial size on carpogenic germination was studied. Results showed that the pathogen's virulence significantly affected the occurrence and development of Sclerotinia stem/leaf rot and the subsequent production of sclerotia. Among all plant species tested, 26 were more susceptible to the aggressive S. sclerotiorum isolate, which produced more and bigger sclerotia in 17 species than the less aggressive isolate. Moreover, a stronger positive correlation was found between the relative lesion length of plants inoculated with the aggressive isolate and the number of sclerotia produced by this isolate (rs = 0.572; p = 0.004). Additionally, we found that larger and heavier sclerotia produced stipes and apothecia earlier and at a greater rate than smaller ones. The sclerotia in the heavy-weight class had the highest carpogenic germination rate (82.4%), followed by the average (67.2%) and lightweight classes (59.5%). Our findings highlight the need for further investigation into the potential risks associated with cover crops, weeds, and flower strips as secondary hosts of soilborne pathogens in agricultural fields.

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Variability and host range of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Eastern and North Eastern India

Cited by 5 publications

References 31 publications

Fungal Strains with Identical Genomes Were Found at a Distance of 2000 Kilometers after 40 Years

Fungal Strains with Identical Genomes Were Found at a Distance of 2000 Kilometers after 40 Years

Estimating the Climate Niche of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Using Maximum Entropy Modeling

Variation in Pathogenicity and Subsequent Production of Sclerotia of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Isolates in Different Cover Crops, Flower Strips, and Weeds

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