Variability and diversity of the electrical cardiac systole

Breijo-Marquez, Francisco R.; Ríos, Manuel Pardo

doi:10.1136/bcr.06.2008.0284

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…We have demonstrated the presence of this pattern in several persons with symptoms of childhood convulsions -diagnosed as epilepsy despite not display any epileptic focus on studies of electroencephalography (EEF) -as well as nocturnal tachycardia crisis and syncope events related to repetitive physical effort [8][9][10]. For some authors, the electrical cardiac systole comprises only the QT interval (ventricular cycle) [11], but we think that the depolarization atrial must be included [1,2,10] Electrical cardiac systole comprises…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For some authors, the electrical cardiac systole comprises only the QT interval (ventricular cycle) [11], but we think that the depolarization atrial must be included [1,2,10] Electrical cardiac systole comprises…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although only a few cases have been reported, the rate may be underestimated, because, until now, little attention has been focused on the diagnosis of short QT electrocardiogram [6,7]. Patients with short QT syndrome have a wide clinical spectrum including palpitations, tachycardia, episodes of syncope and sudden cardiac death, and a family history of it through several generations [5][6][7].We have demonstrated the presence of this pattern in several persons with symptoms of childhood convulsions -diagnosed as epilepsy despite not display any epileptic focus on studies of electroencephalography (EEF) -as well as nocturnal tachycardia crisis and syncope events related to repetitive physical effort [8][9][10]. For some authors, the electrical cardiac systole comprises only the QT interval (ventricular cycle) [11], but we think that the depolarization atrial must be included [1,2,10] Electrical cardiac systole comprises…”

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confidence: 91%

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Shortening of Electrical Cardiac Systole: A New Electrical Disturbance? Short PR and QT Intervals in the Same Electrocardiogram Tracing (Breijo Pattern)

Marquez¹

2014

JCCR

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and repolarization (complete ventricular cycle); its length must be between 0.400 and 0.450 seconds (depending of authors and their conveniences, these values may vary; for us and with a broader context, the normal QTc values are between 0.400 and 0.450 seconds in length). There are many formulas to measure the value of these lengths; the most used are Bazett and Fridericia yet.• Like the R-R interval, the QT interval is dependent on the heart rate in an obvious way (the faster the heart rate the shorter the R-R Interval and QT interval) and may be adjusted to improve the detection of patients at increased risk of ventricular arrhythmia.There are several correction formulas. The standard clinical correction is to use Bazett's formula and Fridericia's formula, calculating the heart rate-corrected QT interval: QTc. The author and his collaborators published a shortening of PR-interval (< 0.12 seconds) alongside a shortening of the QTinterval (< 0.400 seconds) on the same ECG tracing on 2008. We will present in this writing the presence of this pattern, some authors call it Breijo pattern, either alone or associated with other heart pathologies such as Wellens syndrome (or Wellenspattern). Shortening of the P-R and Q-T Intervals in the Same Electrocardiographic Tracing. (Breijo Pattern)In 2008, Breijo-Marquez and colleagues published an electrocardiographic tracing in which both features could be seen. The PR interval was lower than 0.120 seconds and the corrected QT interval was lower than 0.350 seconds. They called it "Decrease of electrical cardiac systole". [1]; also has been entitled as "Accelerated atrioventricular stimulation with an early and shortened ventricular repolarization in the same individual" [2].People who had this kind of electrocardiographic pattern, had also suffered from a wide variety of symptoms. Nocturnal tachycardias, dizziness, seizures, and unexplained syncopal accesses were the main symptoms common to all patients. Were diagnosed as epileptics and treated with specific drugs for epilepsy all patients; the results with such treatment were null.However, the electroencephalographic registers did not provide any visualization for epileptogenic focus in any of assessed patients. The patient age ranged from 16 to 40 years. The male gender was predominant. All previous electrocardiographic studies were considered within normal ranges.A plentiful study with specific tests for the heart was done at our hospital: Blood Analysis (with electrolytes); Electrocardiography; Holter study; Stress test (Bruce protocol), Echocardiography, EEF, Angiography, and SPECT were done with informed consent of both patient and hospital. Blood Test• Calcium, Chlorine, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Potassium, Sodium, CK-MB, LDH (1.2), CPK, Troponins (nIc, nTc) were assessed.• We also added determinations of blood levels of lithium.• All parameters analyzed were within normal ranges except Lithemy.• All patients had very low levels of lithium in blood (100%), with lower values than 0.1 mEq / l.• Stress test (Bruce protoco...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 91%

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Shortening of Electrical Cardiac Systole: A New Electrical Disturbance? Short PR and QT Intervals in the Same Electrocardiogram Tracing (Breijo Pattern)

Marquez¹

2014

JCCR

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“…Half of the patients also had atrial fibrillation inducibility. The ventricular effective refractory period was set at values below 150 msec, and the infusion of flecainide and other drugs of I-class determine a prolongation between 30 and 100 msec [40,41].…”

Section: Electrophysiological Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Disturbances in cardiac electrical Systole and its relationship with sudden death

2015

JCCR

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“…Thus, for example, Breijo-Marquez et al have found this "Breijo Pattern" associated with a "Wellens syndrome "(also know as Wellens pattern) [2]. Breijo-Márquez et al have also published a case with the presence of a Wolff -Parkinson-White pattern associated with a long QT interval in an intermittent way [3].…”

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A Breijo Pattern Associated to a Wolff-Parkinson-White Pattern

R¹

2016

JCCR

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In 2008, Breijo-Márquez [1] published an article in the "International Journal of Cardiology", whose content was the description of an ECG pattern unknown to date. This pattern consisted of a shortening of PR and QT-intervals in the same individual (on an ECG tracing). The article was entitled by the author as "Decrease of electrical cardiac systole". Since then, another many cases with same ECG features have been assessed and diagnosed.So much so that, we think that all symptoms-by milder that Volume 5 Issue 3 -2016

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Variability and diversity of the electrical cardiac systole

Cited by 7 publications

References 14 publications

Shortening of Electrical Cardiac Systole: A New Electrical Disturbance? Short PR and QT Intervals in the Same Electrocardiogram Tracing (Breijo Pattern)

Shortening of Electrical Cardiac Systole: A New Electrical Disturbance? Short PR and QT Intervals in the Same Electrocardiogram Tracing (Breijo Pattern)

Disturbances in cardiac electrical Systole and its relationship with sudden death

A Breijo Pattern Associated to a Wolff-Parkinson-White Pattern

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