VARIABILITY AND CORRELATION OF AGRONOMIC CHARACTERS OF MUNGBEAN GERMPLASM AND THEIR UTILIZATION FOR VARIETY IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM Lukman Hakim

Abstract

Information on the variability and correlation between agronomic characters of mungbean accessions with their yield are important for supporting breeding program of the plant. A total of 350 mungbean accessions were evaluated at Muara Experimental Farm, Indonesian Center for Food Crops Research and Development, Bogor, during the dry season of 2005. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block design with three replications. Each accession was planted in two rows of 5 m long. Plant spacing was 40 cm x 20 cm, two plants per hill. Correlation and path coefficient analyses were used to quantify<br />the magnitude of the relationship between yield components and grain yield. The variability among the accessions was significant for most of the characters studied, especially for days to maturity, plant height, pods per plant, and seed size. Among the yield components, the number of pods per plant and plant height positively correlated with the grain yield, but the<br />seed size negatively correlated with grain yield. The direct effects of the number of pods per plant and plant height on seed yield as indicated by path coefficient were the highest, while other causal effects were small or negative. Yield variation (1- R2) attributable to the nine yield component variables was slightly high (61.23%), which means that mungbean accessions with high grain yield should have sufficient plant height and high number of pods per plant. Therefore, these parameters (number of pods per plant and plant height) can be used as the selection criteria in mungbean breeding program. These criteria can be visualized during bulk selection on the early generation stage of F2 to F4, and subsequently on line development of individual plant (pedigree) of F5.

The Potential Use of SSR Markers to Support the Morphological Identification of Indonesian Mungbean Varieties

“…Traditionally, the accessions of mungbean in Indonesia are characterized based on their morphological and physiological traits (Van den Bosch 1987;Hakim 2008). Van den Bosch (1987) reported an intercropping of mungbean landraces originated from East Java with maize.…”

“…After three cycles of selection, a yield of intercropped mungbean increased 24% as compared to the original mungbean landraces, and the yield of maize in the mixture was not affected by the increase in mungbean landrace yield. In another study, Hakim (2008) evaluated 350 mungbean accessions for their agronomic characters in the field. A number of these characters (days to maturity, plant height, pods per plant and seed size) were known to be significantly varied.…”

“…A number of these characters (days to maturity, plant height, pods per plant and seed size) were known to be significantly varied. Number of pods per plant and plant height were important characters that can be used as the selection criteria in mungbean breeding in the early generation stage (Hakim 2008). However, this traditional method is costly and time-consuming since numbers of existing varieties are quite large that require wide land and skilled personnel, and often subjective decisions (Cooke 1995;Kumar et al 2009).…”

A Study of the Genetic Variability of West Indian Arrowroot (<i>Maranta arundinacea</i> L.) in Kerala State of India

“…Evaluation and characterization of the germplasm is necessary to identify qualitative and quantitative characters useful for breeding programmes. This study will accumulate genetic variability of the germplasm and affirm the presence of any genetic variability attributable to yield, an essential character in a breeding programme [3,4]. Genetic variability, heritability along with genetic advance of traits, their association and direct and indirect effects on yield are essential for crop improvement in order to estimate the heritable and non-heritable variance which will give clues on possible improvement for the characters under study [5,6].…”

Effect of variety and seed rate of mungbean on weed suppression and yield under strip tillage system

“…The reasons of low yield may be lack of high yielding varieties and some are agronomic mismanagement due to labor shortage or lack of knowledge. Several studies also have been made to understand the performance of different mungbean varieties which mainly include the contribution of various yield components towards yield (Mondal et al, 2012;Singh et al, 2009;Hakim, 2008). While we have limited land for mungbean cultivation, attempts must be taken to increase the yield per unit area by improving technology and management practices.…”