Varenicline and Lorcaserin for Smoking Cessation and Weight Gain Prevention: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Hurt, Ryan T.; Croghan, Ivana T.; Schroeder, Darrell R.; Choi, Doo Sup; Fischer, Karen M.; Fokken, Shawn; Ebbert, Jon O.

doi:10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2022.01.004

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 26 publications

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“…Vaping liquids used in Juul’s, and e-cigarettes contain nicotine and are popular among teenagers. Because the success rate of quitting smoking is low as 75% of individuals who quit smoking relapse within 3 months and 90% within 12 months, additional treatments and therapies are needed to improve the rate of smoking cessation ( Ebbert et al, 2010 ; Jordan and Zhen-Xiong, 2018 ; Hurt et al, 2022 ). The use of nicotine products varies between individuals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of nicotine-seeking and avoiding larval zebrafish using a new three-choice behavioral assay

Schneider

Pearson

Harris

et al. 2023

Front. Mol. Neurosci.

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IntroductionNicotine dependence is one of the main causes of preventable diseases in the United States. Nicotine-seeking and avoidance behavioral assays in larval zebrafish could be used for identifying potential new pharmacotherapeutics in an early phase of drug discovery and could facilitate the identification of genes and genomic variations associated with nicotine-seeking and avoidance behavior.MethodsA new three-choice behavioral assay has been developed for the identification of nicotine-seeking and avoiding larval zebrafish. The three choices are represented by three compartments of a gradient maze. Video-recording and subsequent quantitative analysis of the swimming track was carried out using EthovisionXT (Noldus).ResultsThree behavioral phenotypes could be identified. Nicotine-seeking larval zebrafish occupied nicotine compartments for longer periods and entered the nicotine-containing compartments most frequently. Nicotine-avoiders spent most of the cumulative time in the water compartment or entered the water compartment most frequently. Non-seekers remained in the center compartment for most of the time. In the gradient maze, about 20–30% of larval zebrafish had a preference for low nicotine concentrations whereas nicotine avoidance was stronger at higher nicotine concentrations. Lower concentrations of nicotine (0.63 μM, 6.3 μM) resulted in higher percentages of nicotine seekers whereas high nicotine concentrations (63 μM, 630 µM) resulted in higher percentages of nicotine avoiders. Pre-treatment of larval zebrafish with nicotine slightly increased the percentage of nicotine avoiders at lower nicotine concentrations. Treatment with varenicline strongly increased the percentage of nicotine avoiders at lower nicotine concentrations.ConclusionThe results show that larval zebrafish have individual preferences for nicotine that could change with drug treatment. The three-choice gradient maze assay for larval zebrafish provides a new testing paradigm for studying the molecular and cellular mechanisms of nicotine action and the discovery of potential new pharmacotherapeutics for the treatment of smoking cessation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of nicotine-seeking and avoiding larval zebrafish using a new three-choice behavioral assay

Schneider

Pearson

Harris

et al. 2023

Front. Mol. Neurosci.

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Effect of dulaglutide in promoting abstinence during smoking cessation: 12-month follow-up of a single-centre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group trial

Lüthi,

Lengsfeld,

Burkard

et al. 2024

eClinicalMedicine

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Lorcaserin: Worthy of Further Insights? Results from Recent Research

Mazza

Kotzalidis

Marano

et al. 2024

CNSNDDT

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Lorcaserin is a 3-benzazepine that binds 5-HT2C serotonin receptors in the hypothalamus, where it mediates lack of hunger and/or satiety, and in the ventral tegmental area, the site of origin of the mesolimbic and mesocortical dopaminergic projections, which mediate pleasure and reward. The drug has been first developed for the treatment of obesity, where it has shown efficacy, and subsequently trialed to counter substance use (mostly cocaine, cannabis, opioids, and nicotine) and craving, but showed inconsistent effects. Since 2020, the US Food and Drug Administration obtained that the drug was voluntarily withdrawn from the US market on the grounds that its long-term use was found to be associated with a greater incidence of some types of cancer. Provided it can show to be free from cancerogenic effects, ongoing research suggests that lorcaserin may have therapeutic potential for a variety of disorders and conditions beyond obesity. Since 5-HT2C receptors are involved in many diversified physiological functions (mood, feeding, reproductive behavior, neuronal processes related to impulsiveness, and modulating reward-related mechanisms) this drug has the potential to treat different central nervous system conditions, such as depression and schizophrenia.

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Varenicline and Lorcaserin for Smoking Cessation and Weight Gain Prevention: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Cited by 3 publications

References 26 publications

Identification of nicotine-seeking and avoiding larval zebrafish using a new three-choice behavioral assay

Identification of nicotine-seeking and avoiding larval zebrafish using a new three-choice behavioral assay

Effect of dulaglutide in promoting abstinence during smoking cessation: 12-month follow-up of a single-centre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group trial

Lorcaserin: Worthy of Further Insights? Results from Recent Research

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