Vaporizing foil actuator: A tool for collision welding

Vivek, Anupam; Hansen, S.; Liu, Bert; Daehn, Glenn S.

doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2013.07.006

Cited by 118 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Among those solid-state welding methods-GGW, EXW, MPW, VFAW, and LIW-are five kinds of high-velocity impact-welding methods. They shared the same welding mechanism, but have different welding energy sources indicated by their names: high-speed gas [13], explosive [14,15], capacitor bank energy (MPW and VFAW) [16], and laser [17], respectively.High-velocity impact welding is characterized by a low welding temperature and fast welding speed. The process is conducted at room temperature.…”

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confidence: 99%

High-Velocity Impact Welding Process: A Review

Wang

2019

Metals

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High-velocity impact welding is a kind of solid-state welding process that is one of the solutions for the joining of dissimilar materials that avoids intermetallics. Five main methods have been developed to date. These are gas gun welding (GGW), explosive welding (EXW), magnetic pulse welding (MPW), vaporizing foil actuator welding (VFAW), and laser impact welding (LIW). They all share a similar welding mechanism, but they also have different energy sources and different applications. This review mainly focuses on research related to the experimental setups of various welding methods, jet phenomenon, welding interface characteristics, and welding parameters. The introduction states the importance of high-velocity impact welding in the joining of dissimilar materials. The review of experimental setups provides the current situation and limitations of various welding processes. Jet phenomenon, welding interface characteristics, and welding parameters are all related to the welding mechanism. The conclusion and future work are summarized.Various solid-state welding methods have been developed recently, for example, friction stir welding, explosive welding (EXW), friction welding, magnetic pulse welding (MPW), cold welding, ultrasonic welding, roll welding, pressure gas welding, resistance welding, vaporizing foil actuator welding (VFAW), gas gun welding (GGW), and laser impact welding (LIW). Among those solid-state welding methods-GGW, EXW, MPW, VFAW, and LIW-are five kinds of high-velocity impact-welding methods. They shared the same welding mechanism, but have different welding energy sources indicated by their names: high-speed gas [13], explosive [14,15], capacitor bank energy (MPW and VFAW) [16], and laser [17], respectively.High-velocity impact welding is characterized by a low welding temperature and fast welding speed. The process is conducted at room temperature. Furthermore, there is no external heat input during the welding process. Figure 1 is a schematic transient state in the welding process. After the transient force is applied on the external surface of the flyer, the flyer moves toward the target at the velocity of several hundred meters per second [18]. When the flyer collides on the target, a jet is generated at the collision point, which contains contaminants, oxide layers, and a thin layer of metals. As a result, the "clean" metals (no contaminants, oxide layers) are exposed to each other. With the transient force, they are brought within atomic distance, where the atomic bond is formed. This process is usually takes several to dozens of microseconds based on different welding processes. For example, in LIW, it usually takes less than one microsecond. In other high-velocity impact-welding processes, it takes longer than that. Metals 2019, 9, x FOR PEER REVIEW 2 of 19However, Al 7075 alloy is susceptible to hot cracking [8,9], and titanium is chemically active at high temperature [10][11][12]. Zinc-coated steel is an important structural material in automobiles. However, during the fusion-weldin...

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confidence: 99%

High-Velocity Impact Welding Process: A Review

Wang

2019

Metals

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“…This creates a very high-pressure plasma, which accelerates the flyer plate towards the target plate. The technique was introduced by Vivek et al [14] in 2013. They successfully welded copper to titanium, copper to steel, aluminum to copper, aluminum to magnesium, and titanium to steel.…”

Section: Vaporizing Foil Actuator Weldingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The M-G eos is a function of energy, relating the shock velocity and the particle velocity. Equations (7)- (14) are found in [44]. The M-G eos is given in Equation (7):…”

Section: Mie-grüneisen Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation and Experimental Comparison of Laser Impact Welding with a Plasma Pressure Model

Sadeh

Gleason

Hatamleh

et al. 2019

Metals

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In this study, spatial and temporal profiles of an Nd-YAG laser beam pressure pulse are experimentally characterized and fully captured for use in numerical simulations of laser impact welding (LIW). Both axisymmetric, Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) and Eulerian dynamic explicit numerical simulations of the collision and deformation of the flyer and target foils are created. The effect of the standoff distance between the foils on impact angle, velocity distribution, springback, the overall shape of the deformed foils, and the weld strength in lap shear tests are investigated. In addition, the jetting phenomenon (separation and ejection of particles at very high velocities due to high-impact collision) and interlocking of the foils along the weld interface are simulated. Simulation results are compared to experiments, which exhibit very similar deformation and impact behaviors. In contrast to previous numerical studies that assume a pre-defined deformed flyer foil shape with uniform initial velocity, the research in this work shows that incorporation of the actual spatial and temporal profiles of the laser beam and modeling of the corresponding pressure pulse based on a laser shock peening approach provides a more realistic prediction of the LIW process mechanism.

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“…Discrete IMC particles may not be redhibitory with regard to joint fracture. [19,56,147] Otherwise, it is worth noting the absence of the (Al + Zn) bi-phased layer over the fracture surface (Figure 17). This observation may result from both the insufficient spatial resolution of the present SEM images and/or the high plasticity of the bi-phased layer.…”

Section: Joints Without Znmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Steel Galvanization on the Microstructure and Mechanical Performances of Planar Magnetic Pulse Welds of Aluminum and Steel

Avettand-Fènoël

Khalil

Taillard

et al. 2018

Metall Mater Trans A

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For the first time, planar joints between pure aluminum and galvanized or uncoated DP450 steel joints have been developed via magnetic pulse welding. Both present a wavy interface. The microstructure of the interfacial zone differs according to the joint. With uncoated steel, the interface is composed of discrete 2.5-lm-thick FeAl 3 intermetallic compounds and Fe penetration lamellae, whereas the interface of the pure Al-galvanized steel joint is bilayered and composed of a 10-nm-thick (Al) Zn solid solution and a few micrometers thick aggregate of Al-and Zn-based grains, arranged from the Al side to the Zn coating. Even if the nature of the interfacial zone differs with or without the steel coating, both welds present rather similar maximum tensile forces and ductility in shear lap testing.

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Vaporizing foil actuator: A tool for collision welding

Cited by 118 publications

References 16 publications

High-Velocity Impact Welding Process: A Review

High-Velocity Impact Welding Process: A Review

Simulation and Experimental Comparison of Laser Impact Welding with a Plasma Pressure Model

Effect of Steel Galvanization on the Microstructure and Mechanical Performances of Planar Magnetic Pulse Welds of Aluminum and Steel

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