Vapor pressure determination by thermogravimetry

Price, Duncan M.

doi:10.1016/s0040-6031(00)00676-6

Cited by 169 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The vapor pressure of the amorphous alloys was calculated using the weight loss rate measured by TGA. Conventional TGA equipment was previously used to estimate the vapor pressure of materials at atmospheric pressure [24,25]. According to previous reports, Equation (1) was proposed to estimate the vapor pressure from the evaporation rate, adapting the Knudsen-Langmuir equation that describes free evaporation in a vacuum, as follows:…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excessively High Vapor Pressure of Al-based Amorphous Alloys

Jeong

Lee

Jeon

et al. 2015

Metals

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Aluminum-based amorphous alloys exhibited an abnormally high vapor pressure at their approximate glass transition temperatures. The vapor pressure was confirmed by the formation of Al nanocrystallites from condensation, which was attributed to weight loss of the amorphous alloys. The amount of weight loss varied with the amorphous alloy compositions and was inversely proportional to their glass-forming ability. The vapor pressure of the amorphous alloys around 573 K was close to the vapor pressure of crystalline Al near its melting temperature, 873 K. Our results strongly suggest the possibility of fabricating nanocrystallites or thin films by evaporation at low temperatures.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excessively High Vapor Pressure of Al-based Amorphous Alloys

Jeong

Lee

Jeon

et al. 2015

Metals

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“…where p is the vapour pressure of the gas, dm/dt is mass loss rate per unit area (the area of the PCM's electrode), which is the experimentally measured deposition rate, Mi the molecular weight, R the gas constant, T the absolute temperature, and α is the vaporization coefficient, assumed to be 1 in a vacuum environment (Price, 2001). Replacing Eq.…”

Section: Theoretical Approach and Thermodynamic Relationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Piezoelectric crystal microbalance measurements of enthalpy of sublimation of C<sub>2</sub>–C<sub>9</sub> dicarboxylic acids

et al. 2016

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Abstract. We present here a novel experimental set-up that is able to measure the enthalpy of sublimation of a given compound by means of piezoelectric crystal microbalances (PCMs). The PCM sensors have already been used for space measurements, such as for the detection of organic and nonorganic volatile species and refractory materials in planetary environments. In Earth atmospherics applications, PCMs can be also used to obtain some physical-chemical processes concerning the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) present in atmospheric environments. The experimental set-up has been developed and tested on dicarboxylic acids. In this work, a temperature-controlled effusion cell was used to sublimate VOC, creating a molecular flux that was collimated onto a cold PCM. The VOC recondensed onto the PCM quartz crystal, allowing the determination of the deposition rate. From the measurements of deposition rates, it has been possible to infer the enthalpy of sublimation of adipic acid, i.e. H sub : 141.6 ± 0.8 kJ mol −1 , succinic acid, i.e. 113.3 ± 1.3 kJ mol −1 , oxalic acid, i.e. 62.5 ± 3.1 kJ mol −1 , and azelaic acid, i.e. 124.2 ± 1.2 kJ mol −1 . The results obtained show an accuracy of 1 % for succinic, adipic, and azelaic acid and within 5 % for oxalic acid and are in very good agreement with previous works (within 6 % for adipic, succinic, and oxalic acid and within 11 % or larger for azelaic acid).

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“…The thermal proprieties of PGDN were highlighted by using the methods of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetrymass spectrometry (TG/MS). Generally, the technique used to assess the vapour pressure depends on the volatility of the target compound; a few studies have tried to estimate the vapour pressure of some explosives using several techniques [7][8][9] (chromatography, dynamic thermal analysis etc.). In our case, TGA could be a good candidate for the estimation of the vapour pressure of PGDN.…”

Section: Taggant Agents Detonation Taggantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propylene Glycol Dinitrate (PGDN) as an Explosive Taggant

Fettaka¹,

Lefebvre²

2016

Cent. Eur. J. Energ. Mater.

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Propylene Glycol Dinitrate (PGDN) is a liquid nitrate ester explosive which has been used as a gelatinating agent in some energetic formulations. The aim of the present work was to assess whether PGDN could be used as a detection taggant. The PGDN was synthesized in the laboratory using laboratory grade propylene glycol (PG). The purity of the synthesized PGDN was assessed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). A study of the thermal decomposition of PGDN was carried out using both DSC and thermogravimetry-mass spectrometry analysis (TG/MS) methods. The gases produced during thermal decomposition were identified by mass spectrometry and the influence of the heating rate was investigated. The duality of DSC-TGA was highlighted by studying the complementarity between these two methods. Vapour pressure and enthalpy of vaporisation of PGDN were considered as the foremost taggant characteristics, and were estimated using TGA and taking benzoic acid as the reference. The vapour pressure of PGDN at ambient temperature is 2.54 Pa, therefore the PGDN could be a good candidate as a detection taggant compared to other explosive taggants (Nitroglycerin, EGDN, DMNB and PDCB).

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Vapor pressure determination by thermogravimetry

Cited by 169 publications

References 30 publications

Excessively High Vapor Pressure of Al-based Amorphous Alloys

Excessively High Vapor Pressure of Al-based Amorphous Alloys

Piezoelectric crystal microbalance measurements of enthalpy of sublimation of C<sub>2</sub>–C<sub>9</sub> dicarboxylic acids

Propylene Glycol Dinitrate (PGDN) as an Explosive Taggant

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Vapor pressure determination by thermogravimetry

Cited by 169 publications

References 30 publications

Excessively High Vapor Pressure of Al-based Amorphous Alloys

Excessively High Vapor Pressure of Al-based Amorphous Alloys

Piezoelectric crystal microbalance measurements of enthalpy of sublimation of C&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;–C&lt;sub&gt;9&lt;/sub&gt; dicarboxylic acids

Propylene Glycol Dinitrate (PGDN) as an Explosive Taggant

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Piezoelectric crystal microbalance measurements of enthalpy of sublimation of C<sub>2</sub>–C<sub>9</sub> dicarboxylic acids