Vapor-Phase Lubrication:  Reaction of Phosphate Ester Vapors with Iron and Steel

Johnson, David W.; Morrow, Samantha; Forster, Nelson H.; Saba, Costandy S.

doi:10.1021/cm010921o

Cited by 35 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The only products that were observed were a few percent cresol and addition products from the addition of an aromatic ring to TCP. These products have been previously observed in this study on the reaction of iron with phosphate esters [23]. …”

Section: Samples Containing Tcpsupporting

confidence: 83%

Interaction of Polyol Esters and Phosphate Esters with Metal Carbides

2011

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The need for higher performance in jet turbine engines has led to the development of alloys with greater hardness for use in bearings. The increased hardness is a result of carburizing of the surface which leads to a change in the surface chemistry through the formation of metal carbides. The authors have found that metal carbides react differently with the lubricants and additives than the oxides found on the surface of currently used alloys. Of particular concern is the observed reaction of the ester basestock with metal carbides in the presence of phosphate esters. The authors have found that metal carbides can catalyze the decomposition of hindered esters in the presence of aryl phosphates to give the component acids. Products of the reaction include free acids, phenyl esters, and dehydrogenated esters. This reaction is expected to rapidly degrade the performance of the oil due to both acid formation and viscosity breakdown. Examination of the remaining solid material indicates that phosphorus has been incorporated into the structure, presumable as phosphate.

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Section: Samples Containing Tcpsupporting

confidence: 83%

Interaction of Polyol Esters and Phosphate Esters with Metal Carbides

2011

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“…These studies also demonstrated the potential for vapor phase lubrication of TMC surfaces through small molecule adsorption. Due to the growing interest in materials and lubricants that can be incorporated into vapor phase lubrication schemes [10], the fruitful methodology developed in the ethanol study has been extended to the study additional adsorbates and is reported here.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of ethyl acetate and alkyl phosphate adsorption on the frictional properties of VC(100)

et al. 2005

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This report presents ultrahigh vacuum measurements of the frictional properties of the non-polar (100) surface of vanadium carbide (VC) as a function of the room temperature uptake and reaction of ethyl acetate, triethyl phosphate, and trimethyl phosphate. Atomic force microscopy, employing a silicon nitride probe tip, has been used to determine the changes in friction and interfacial adhesion as a function of adsorbate uptake. Changes in surface morphology have been monitored with scanning tunneling microscopy while the composition of the surface species formed through the reaction of these adsorbates with the VC surface has been determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Adsorption and reaction of ethyl acetate leads to an increase in friction with little change in interfacial adhesion. The adsorption and reaction of triethyl phosphate and trimethyl phosphate have no influence on either the friction or adhesion properties of VC. The observed results are discussed in terms of the surface chemical composition, the extent of surface coverage, and the molecular details of the adsorbed species.

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“…It is unknown if phosphate ester additives will form a lubricious film on these surfaces. The nonheat-treated steels have been shown to react; however, heat-treated steals are currently under study [18]. The interaction of antioxidants, esters, and phosphate esters in the presence of various carbides has been shown to increase reactivity [19].…”

Section: Boundary Lubrication Additivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lubricants for Turbine Engines

Johnson¹

2016

Recent Progress in Some Aircraft Technologies

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The lubricant systems used in turbine engine applications are discussed with respect to the particular problems associated with aircraft applications. After initially describing the relevant specifications, the typical basestocks are described along with some common degradation schemes. The additive systems, including antioxidants, anti-foaming agents, and anti-wear additives needed to achieve the typical specifications, are described along with their mechanism of action and degradation mechanisms. The methods used for the monitoring of lubricant health, including in-line and offline methods, are also discussed. Finally, future changes in specifications, basestocks, and additives are discussed with respect to new, high-performance bearing materials.

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Vapor-Phase Lubrication: Reaction of Phosphate Ester Vapors with Iron and Steel

Cited by 35 publications

References 16 publications

Interaction of Polyol Esters and Phosphate Esters with Metal Carbides

Interaction of Polyol Esters and Phosphate Esters with Metal Carbides

Influence of ethyl acetate and alkyl phosphate adsorption on the frictional properties of VC(100)

Lubricants for Turbine Engines

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