Vapor−Liquid Equilibria of the Binary n-Butane (HC-600) + Difluoromethane (HFC-32), + Pentafluoroethane (HFC-125), + 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a) Systems

Abstract

Binary vapor−liquid equilibrium data were measured for the n-butane (HC-600) + difluoromethane (HFC-32), + pentafluoroethane (HFC-125), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a) systems at temperatures from 313.15 K to 333.15 K. These experiments were carried out with a circulating-type apparatus with on-line gas chromatography. The experimental data were correlated well with the Peng−Robinson equation of state using the Wong−Sandler mixing rules.

The study of binary interaction parameters on VLE for alternative refrigerant mixtures

“…The SRK, PR, and CSD equations of states with van der Waals mixing rules could reasonably calculate the VLE properties of the HCs + HFCs and DME + HFCs. The values of the optimum interaction parameter k ij HFC23 + HC170 48 [6] 0.195 2.151 0.0142 0.199 0.891 0.0132 0.179 1.875 0.0098 HFC23 + HC290 27 [7] 0.195 1.456 0.0055 0.199 2.389 0.0066 0.179 3.058 0.0090 HFC23 + HC600 28 [7] 0.195 3.333 0.0030 0.199 3.567 0.0051 0.179 4.533 0.0029 HFC23 + HC600a 23 [8] 0.195 3.176 0.0085 0.199 2.784 0.0075 0.179 3.438 0.0089 HFC32 + HC290 63 [9] 0.188 0.707 0.0026 0.195 0.858 0.0036 0.157 1.948 0.0117 HFC32 + HC600 32 [10] 0.188 5.201 0.0134 0.195 5.681 0.0124 0.157 6.231 0.0163 HFC32 + HC600a 26 [11] 0.188 2.806 0.0100 0.195 2.699 0.0097 0.157 3.130 0.0098 HFC125 + HC290 89 [9] 0.156 1.450 0.0074 0.158 1.184 0.0044 0.144 0.855 0.0044 HFC125 + HC600 29 [12,13] 0.156 0.900 0.0030 0.158 1.158 0.0033 0.144 0.946 0.0064 HFC125 + HC600a 23 [14] 0.156 2.182 0.0079 0.158 2.245 0.0062 0.144 1.294 0.0058 HFC134a + HC290 37 [15] 0.168 0.789 0.0048 0.171 0.660 0.0056 0.157 0.835 0.0053 HFC134a + HC600 41 [16] 0.168 0.850 0.0059 0.171 1.046 0.0044 0.157 2.145 0.0100 HFC134a + HC600a 24 [17] 0.168 2.240 0.0093 0.171 2.223 0.0077 0.157 3.236 0.0107 HFC143a + HC290 22 [15] 0.113 1.693 0.0035 0.117 1.314 0.0043 0.101 2.803 0.0070 HFC143a + HC600 47 [18] 0.113 1.502 0.0044 0.117 1.077 0.0056 0.101 1.941 0.0098 HFC143a + HC600a 16 [8] 0.113 2.250 0.0136 0.117 1.994 0.0133 0.101 3.198 0.0153 HFC152a + HC290 25 [19] 0.127 4.149 0.0011 0.132 4.802 0.0184 0.108 1.927 0.0082 HFC152a + HC600 34 [20] 0.127 0.695 0.0051 0.132 1.395 0.0055 0.108 0.976 0.0072 HFC152a + HC600a 32 [11] 0.127 1.706 0.0071 0.132 2.232 0.0072 0.108 1.803 0.0107 HFC227ea + HC290 58 [21] 0.135 1.137 0.0044 0.136 0.953 0.0028 0.122 1.049 0.0083 HFC227ea + HC600 45 [22] 0.135 1.065 0.0038 0.136 1.274 0.0060 0.122 1.093 0.0080 HFC227ea + HC600a 37 [14] 0.135 0.597 0.0055 0.136 0.547 0.0042 0.122 0.298 0.0055 HFC236ea + HC290 37 [23] 0.141 1.663 0.0050 0.143 1.802 0.0071 0.128 1.760 0.0061 HFC236fa + HC290 37 [24] 0.141 1.413 0.0052 0.143 1.492 0.0078 0.128 1.208 0.0055 HFC236fa + HC600a 13 [17] 0.141 1.734 0.0028 0.143 1.873 0.0052 0.128...…”

“…[3,4] However, the blended refrigerants are preferable to pure working fluids on account of energy saving and the flexibility of operation. [5] Because the vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) properties are important in the optimization of thermodynamic cycles, the literature on VLE experimental measurement data for new alternative refrigerant mixtures (HCs + HFCs [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] and DME + HFCs binaries [23,[25][26][27][28][29] ) have increased considerably in the recent years. Due to the time-consuming nature of experimental measurement, the predictive models are valuable tools for estimating the VLE properties.…”

Study on the Interaction Coefficients in PR Equation with vdW Mixing Rules for HFC and HC Binary Mixtures

“…k 11 = k 22 = 0, k 21 = k 12 . Least-squares fitting was applied to regress the binary parameters and the following objective function was used: (9) where N is the number of experimental points. The deviations were calculated by the following equations:…”

Miscibility Measurement and Evaluation for the Binary Refrigerant Mixture Isobutane (R600a) + 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptafluoropropane (R227ea) with a Mineral Oil

“…Therefore, in the "drop-in" substitution for HCFCs by new nonozone depleting, low GWP refrigerants, whether these new fluids are miscible with mineral oils is important for refrigeration workers to simplify replacement procedures and avoid immiscibility problems. 6 Mixtures of hydrocarbons (HCs) and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) are considered as potential drop-in alternatives, and they may have the unsurpassable environmental advantage of low GWP, zero ODP, nonflammability, and high cycle performance. 7 HCs are miscible with mineral oils because they have a similar weak polarity, but the majority of HFCs have a certain polarity, resulting in immiscibility with mineral oils and only miscibility with synthetic oils, such as polyesters (POEs) and polyglycols, (PAGs), which are highly hygroscopic and expensive.…”