“…Typically, these soft actuators are fabricated from soft, compliant materials, including polymers, 4–6 liquid crystals, 7,8 or in the polymer composites form incorporating nanomaterials such as graphene oxide (GO), 9 carbon nanotubes (CNT), 10 MXene, 11,12 etc. The inherent properties of these soft actuators render them highly promising for many applications such as soft robotics, 13 artificial muscles, 14,15 smart textiles, 16 smart switches, 17 drug delivery, 18 and energy harvesting technologies. 19 These actuators depend entirely on the expansion and contraction of materials upon exposure to stimulus.…”