Vanillic Acid Ameliorates Cationic Bovine Serum Albumin Induced Immune Complex Glomerulonephritis in BALB/c Mice

Abstract

Preclinical Research Vanillic acid (VA) is a dihydroxybenzoic acid derivative widely used as a flavoring agent. It has chemopreventive effects on experimentally-induced carcinogenesis and in ulcerative colitis. The object of the present study was to investigate the effects of VA, alone and in combination with methylprednisolone (MP), on cationic bovine serum albumin (cBSA induced immune-complex glomerulonephritis in female BALB/c mice. Pre-immunization was carried out with cBSA in BALB/c mice and repeated (cBSA, 13 mg/kg, 3 times/week, i.v.) for 6 weeks to induce glomerulonephritis which was confirmed by the presence of severe proteinuria. The effect of VA (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) and its combination with MP (12.5 mg/kg, p.o.) was assessed in the nephrotic disease model. Treatment with VA decreased inflammatory nephrotic injury as evidenced by decreased proteinuria, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, serum IgG1 and TNF-α levels. Co-administration of VA with MP showed an improvement in the immunohistochemistry of glomerular nephrin and podocin. The present results indicate that VA has a nephroprotective effect in the management of autoimmune nephritis. Drug Dev Res 77 : 171-179, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Yi Shen An, a Chinese traditional prescription, ameliorates membranous glomerulonephritis induced by cationic bovine serum albumin in rats

“… 2013 ; Motiram et al. 2016 ). These complexes may trigger the complement system and result in glomerular injury, eventually leading to the induction of glomerulonephritis and impaired renal function (Couser 1985 ; Paccaud and Schifferli 1989 ).…”

“…Antioxidant enzymes, such as SOD and MDA, are markers of oxidation-induced tissue damage (Motiram et al. 2016 ). SOD is an enzyme that converts superoxide to hydrogen peroxide and plays a critical role in reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory responses (Carillon et al.…”

HIF Stabilizer Desidustat Protects against Complement-Mediated Diseases

“…Desidustat treatment reduced C3 deposition in kidney, and also reduced proteinuria and microalbuminuria in cBSA-induced membranous nephropathy in mice. Proteinuria and microalbuminuria are associated with increased lipid peroxidation in the kidney [25]. Reduced activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in glomerular suppresses scavenging reaction increasing the susceptibility of glomeruli to oxidative stress [25].…”

Vanilla

“…; 1-21 days) or vanillic acid (25-200 mg/kg, p.o. ; 1-6 weeks) mitigated damage to the kidney, [105][106][107][108] lung, 109,110 skin, 111 muscle, 112 liver, [113][114][115] GI tract, [116][117][118] erythrocytes, 119 and breast. 120 Taken together, these preclinical studies suggest that vanillin and vanillic acid warrant additional scrutiny for possible use in strategies to alleviate neurological, cardiovascular, and metabolic conditions.…”