Vanadium Oxide Nanozymes with Multiple Enzyme-Mimic Activities for Tumor Catalytic Therapy

Abstract

Using tumors containing high concentrations of hydrogen peroxide to design nanozymes is a new and effective strategy, and vanadium-based nanomaterials receive increasing attention. In this paper, four kinds of vanadium oxide nanozymes with different valences of vanadium are synthesized by a simple method to verify the effect of valence on enzyme activity. Vanadium oxide nanozyme-III (Vnps-III) with a low valence of vanadium (V4+) exhibits good peroxidase (POD) and oxidase (OXD) activities, which can effectively produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the tumor microenvironment for tumor treatment. In addition, Vnps-III can also consume glutathione (GSH) to reduce ROS consumption. Vanadium oxide nanozyme-I (Vnps-I) containing a high valence of vanadium (V5+) has catalase (CAT) activity, which can catalyze hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into oxygen (O2), which is beneficial to alleviate the hypoxic environment of solid tumors. Finally, a vanadium oxide nanozyme with both trienzyme simulation activity and GSH consumption ability was screened out by adjusting the ratio of V4+ to V5+ in vanadium oxide nanozymes. In cell and animal experiments, we successfully demonstrate that vanadium oxide nanozymes have excellent antitumor ability and high safety, which may bring great potential for clinical cancer treatment.

Unleashing the power of directed electron transfer: unraveling the potential of {PV4}2 in heterogeneous photocatalysis

“…, V–O and V–N. 24 The two main peaks at 132.46 eV and 133.22 eV corresponded to P 2p 3/2 and P 3p 1/2 25 (Fig. 2d).…”

“…23 The higher binding energy (BE) (Fig. 2c) of V IV 2P at 516.02 eV (V IV 2P 3/2 ) and 523.84 eV (V IV 2P 1/2 ) indicated different chemical environments of V IV i.e., V-O and V-N. 24 The two main peaks at 132.46 eV and 133.22 eV corresponded to P 2p 3/2 and P 3p 1/2 25 (Fig. 2d).…”

Transition-Metal-Based Nanozymes: Synthesis, Mechanisms of Therapeutic Action, and Applications in Cancer Treatment

“…The modulation of atomic valence state not only enabled the fine-tuning of nanozyme activity but also influenced the enzyme-like properties of nanozymes. Li and colleagues synthesized a series of vanadium oxide nanozymes (Vnps-x, where x = I, II, III, IV) and demonstrated that Vnps-III containing V 4+ valence exhibited POD and OXD activities, while Vnps-I with V 5+ valence displayed CAT activity . Ultimately, by controlling the V 4+ /V 5+ ratio, one can successfully prepare Vnps with combined POD, OXD, and CAT activities.…”

Amplification of Oxygen-Independent Free Radicals Based on a Glutathione Depletion and Biosynthesis Inhibition Strategy for Photothermal and Thermodynamic Therapy of Hypoxic Tumors

“…6 To conquer these limitations, enormous strategies have been developed including direct delivery of O 2 to the tumor site, 7 oxygen production in situ, 8 or conversion of excess endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) to O 2 . 9 Nevertheless, these strategies cannot fundamentally address the issues of oxygen dependence. In recent years, the ability of some azo-based initiators to generate alkyl radicals in the absence of oxygen upon thermal stimulation has attracted extensive attention.…”

“…Unfortunately, these anticancer modalities are oxygen-dependent, and the hypoxic tumor microenvironment in solid tumors considerably limits their treatment efficacy . To conquer these limitations, enormous strategies have been developed including direct delivery of O 2 to the tumor site, oxygen production in situ, or conversion of excess endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) to O 2 . Nevertheless, these strategies cannot fundamentally address the issues of oxygen dependence.…”