Vanadium and Vanadium Alloys

Abstract

Vanadium is widely distributed throughout the earth but in low abundance. Trace amounts of vanadium have been found in meteorites and seawater, and it has been identified in the spectrum of many stars, including the earth’s sun. The occurrence of vanadium in oak and beech trees and some forms of aquatic sea life indicates its biological importance. Physical properties, chemical properties, manufacture, fabrication, economic aspects, health and safety factors, and uses are thoroughly discussed.

Recovery of Vanadium by ammonium chloride precipitation method using response surface methodology

“…Then, ammonium chloride is added to the ammonium metavanadate precipitate. The calcination step is carried out, and vanadium pentoxide (V 2 O 5 ) is finally obtained with a purity of 99.8% [4]. There is a relationship between the temperature of ammonium addition and the Precipitation Rate (PR), with the PR being 99.5% from 30 to 65°C while the PR decreases at temperatures below 35°C because the solubility of ammonium sulfate is not the same at different temperatures and dissolves faster at high temperatures.…”