Vanadium

Environmental vanadium distribution, mobility and bioaccumulation in different land-use Districts in Panzhihua Region, SW China

“…The average content of vanadium in the soil in the world has been established at 90 mg kg −1 (Reimann and de Caritat 1998), some residual soils derived from rocks enriched in vanadium contain elevated amounts of this metal, from about 70 to 100 mg kg −1 (Anke 2004). Some geochemical background of vanadium in the soil was illustrated in Table 1.…”

Vanadium

“…Vanadium is believed to be a micronutrient, with a postulated requirement for humans of less than 10 micrograms per day, which can be met through dietary intake (Anke, 2004, and references therein). Vanadium in the form of vanadyl sulfate and sodium metavanadate has been administered to diabetic patients as a dietary supplement because these compounds have been observed to mimic the actions of insulin in isolated cell systems (Anke, 2004, and references therein), but clear therapeutic benefit has yet to be established (Wiernsperger and Rapin, 2010).…”

“…Vanadium is believed to be a micronutrient, with a postulated requirement for humans of less than 10 micrograms per day, which can be met through dietary intake (Anke, 2004, and references therein). Vanadium in the form of vanadyl sulfate and sodium metavanadate has been administered to diabetic patients as a dietary supplement because these compounds have been observed to mimic the actions of insulin in isolated cell systems (Anke, 2004, and references therein), but clear therapeutic benefit has yet to be established (Wiernsperger and Rapin, 2010). Primary and secondary drinking-water regulations for vanadium currently do not exist in the United States, but the Occupational Safety and Health Administration has set an exposure limit of 0.05 milligrams per cubic meter (mg/m 3 ) for V 2 O 5 dust (Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 2013b) and 0.1 mg/m 3 for V 2 O 5 fumes (Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 2013a) in workplace air over an 8-hour workday.…”

“…Primary and secondary drinking-water regulations for vanadium currently do not exist in the United States, but the Occupational Safety and Health Administration has set an exposure limit of 0.05 milligrams per cubic meter (mg/m 3 ) for V 2 O 5 dust (Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 2013b) and 0.1 mg/m 3 for V 2 O 5 fumes (Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 2013a) in workplace air over an 8-hour workday. Vanadium toxicity is believed to result from an intake of more than 10 to 20 milligrams per day (Anke, 2004).…”

“…This process is critical to the health of the biosphere. Vanadium is also essential to certain species of algae for chlorophyll production and overall growth (Anke, 2004).…”