van der Waals Heterojunction between a Bottom-Up Grown Doped Graphene Quantum Dot and Graphene for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Yan, Yibo; Zhai, Dong; Liu, Yi; Gong, Jinlong; Chen, Jie; Zan, Ping; Zeng, Zhiping; Li, Shuzhou; Huang, Wei; Chen, Peng

doi:10.1021/acsnano.9b09554

Cited by 116 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(100 reference statements)

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“…As well, some researchers have employed 0D GQDs and 2D graphene sheets to prepare a new type of van der Waals heterojunction, which has excellent photoelectrolyzed water performance and is easy to mass produce. [ 121 ] ( Figure a) As one kind of nano material, CQDs can absorb light of different wavelengths according to their size and surface state. In essence, photodetector is a device that converts small amount of light into tiny current.…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon‐Based Quantum Dots with Solid‐State Photoluminescent: Mechanism, Implementation, and Application

Wang

et al. 2020

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169

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Carbon‐based quantum dots (CQDs), including spherical carbon dots and graphene quantum dots, are an emerging class of photoluminescent (PL) materials with unique properties. Great progress has been made in the design and fabrication of high‐performance CQDs, however, the challenge of developing solid‐state PL CQDs have aroused great interest among researchers. A clear PL mechanism is the basis for the development of high‐performance solid‐state CQDs for light emission and is also a prerequisite for the realization of multiple practical applications. However, the extremely complex structure of a CQD greatly limits the understanding of the solid‐state PL mechanism of CQDs. So far, a variety of models have been proposed to explain the PL of solid‐state CQDs, but they have not been unified. This review summarizes the current understanding of the solid‐state PL of solid‐state CQDs from the perspective of energy band theory and electronic transitions. In addition, the common strategies for realizing solid‐state PL in CQDs are also summarized. Furthermore, the applications of CQDs in the fields of light‐emitting devices, anti‐counterfeiting, fingerprint detection, etc., are proposed. Finally, a brief outlook is given, highlighting current problems, and directions for development of solid‐state PL of CQDs.

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Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reproduced with permission. [ 121 ] Copyright 2020, American Chemical Society. b) Schematic of the carbon quantum dots‐coupled graphene/Si Schottky‐junction photodetector, and I – V characteristic curve of the photodetector.…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon‐Based Quantum Dots with Solid‐State Photoluminescent: Mechanism, Implementation, and Application

Wang

et al. 2020

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169

137

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“…[ 122 ] The lower energy barrier, marvelous electronic coupling, intimate charge transfer, and efficient exciton separation occurring at the atomically sharp interface suggest promising applications. [ 123 ] For example, PbS QDs‐modify graphene ( Figure a) greatly improved the responsivity of graphene‐based infrared detectors, [ 124 ] significantly exceeding the performance of pure graphene devices.…”

Section: Mixed‐dimensional Stacked Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stacking of 2D Materials

Guo

Zhen

Liu

et al. 2020

Adv Funct Materials

167

133

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2D layered materials have sparked great interest from the perspective of basic physics and applied science in the past few years. Extraordinarily, many novel stacked structures that bring versatile properties and applications can be artificially assembled, as exemplified by vertical van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures, twisted multilayer 2D materials, hybrid dimensional structures, etc. Compared with the ordinary synthesis process, the stacking technique is a powerful strategy to achieve high‐quality and freely controlled 2D material stacked structures with atomic accuracy. This review highlights the most advanced stacking techniques involving the preparation, transfer, and stacking of high‐quality single crystal 2D materials. Apart from the 2D–2D stacked structures, 2D–0D, 2D–1D, and 2D–3D structures offer a prospective platform for the increasing application of 2D materials. The assembly strategy and physical properties of these stacked structures strongly depend on the factors in the stacking process, including the surface quality, angle control, and sample size. In addition, comparative analysis tables on the techniques involved are also available. The summary of these strategies and techniques will hopefully provide a valuable reference for relevant work.

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“…The dual roles of carbon QDs (enhancing the light harvesting and facilitating the efficient hole transfer) contributed to a photocurrent density of 5.99 mA cm −2 at 1.23 V versus RHE in KH 2 PO 4 aqueous solution (pH = 7, no hole scavenger). [ 159a ] Recently, all‐carbon Schottky‐diode‐like 0D heteroatom‐doped graphene QDs/2D pristine graphene sheets were fabricated using a facile and scalable self‐assembly process for PEC applications, which demonstrated high stability of 20 h. [ 162 ] The bottleneck in the case of carbon QDs is their narrow absorption range in the UV and visible regions. Future research directions may focus on the synthesis of carbon QDs with broad absorption ranging from UV–NIR range and adjustable band edges that match with wide bandgap semiconductors.…”

Section: Qds‐based Pec Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum Dots‐Based Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Evolution from Water Splitting

Liu

Zhao

Wang

et al. 2021

Advanced Energy Materials

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opportunity since it is by far the most abundant, sustainable, carbon-neutral, and inexpensive energy source. The theoretical potential of solar power striking the earth's surface is ≈89 300 TW (the integral of the time-and-space-averaged solar flux 342.5 W m −2 over the earth's surface area 5.11 × 10 14 m 2 , estimating that ≈30% and ≈19% are scattered and absorbed by the atmosphere and clouds), [3] which is equivalent to ≈6000 times the power used worldwide every year (estimated at 13.5 TW in 2001, with projected growth up to 27.6 TW by 2050 by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). [4] In particular, storing solar energy in the form of H 2 presents advantages such as high energy content per mass (143 MJ kg −1), ease of transportation, and cost-effectiveness, [5] thereby addressing the storage challenge which is associated with the diffuse and intermittent character of solar irradiation. Solar energy and water could be converted into H 2 [5b] indirectly by using solar-converted electricity and an electrolyzer, [6] concentrated solar thermal and an electrolyzer, [7] biological and thermochemical processes [8] or directly by photo-/photoelectrocatalysis of water. [1b,f,g] The combination of the energy conversion step with electrolyzers is always limited by the performance of the electrolyzers, whose typical commercial efficiencies are around 73%. [9] Besides, indirect technologies suffer from excessive cost, area requirements, feasibility issues, or energy loss. [10] An alternative direct route is the photo-/photoelectrocatalysis of water, including powdered photocatalysts [11] and photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells. [12] The dispersion of powdered photocatalysts in water is suitable for large-scale processes, while the system requires stirring during the reaction and product separation after the reaction. In comparison, PEC systems (Figure 1a), which combine harvesting solar energy with water reduction into a single device, possesses several advantages. [13] i) PEC reactions address the issue of gas separation by generating products at different electrodes. ii) An external bias supply or self-bias voltage in the PEC system can provide additional energy input to compensate for the potential deficiency, [14] leading to the formation of a surface space charge layer and achieving efficient charge separation and an increased number of long-living photogenerated charges. [15] iii) Moreover, PEC systems can potentially be operated using only stable and abundant materials, such as Cu-based metal oxides, [16] Fe 2 O 3 , [14b,17] and TiO 2. [18] In a typical PEC system, at least one photoelectrode is used as a working electrode to harvest solar radiation, either acting Solar-driven photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen evolution is a promising and sustainable approach to convert solar energy into a fuel that can be stored. Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are increasingly used in PEC devices due to their broad composition/size/shape tunable absorption spectrum (from ultraviolet to near-infrared, with significant over...

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van der Waals Heterojunction between a Bottom-Up Grown Doped Graphene Quantum Dot and Graphene for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Cited by 116 publications

References 56 publications

Carbon‐Based Quantum Dots with Solid‐State Photoluminescent: Mechanism, Implementation, and Application

Carbon‐Based Quantum Dots with Solid‐State Photoluminescent: Mechanism, Implementation, and Application

Stacking of 2D Materials

Quantum Dots‐Based Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Evolution from Water Splitting

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