Valvular regurgitation flow jet assessment using in vitro 4D flow MRI: Implication for mitral regurgitation

Lee, Jeesoo; Gupta, Aakash; Liliana, E.; Scott, Michael B.; Mason, O’Neil; Wu, Erik; Thomas, James D.; Markl, Michael

doi:10.1002/mrm.29082

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 40 publications

(89 reference statements)

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“…Four-dimensional flow analysis can be employed to quantify MR RVol not only indirectly but also directly. This specifically involves the retrospective direct measurement of each dynamic regurgitant jet after pinpointing the mitral valve and adjusting a dynamic reconstructed plane so that it remains perpendicular to the jet throughout the regurgitation [ 28 , 29 ]. In the case of multiple jets a plane needs to be positioned appropriately for each individual jet, which can be a time-consuming process.…”

Section: How To Assess Mitral Regurgitation With Cmrmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Assessment of Mitral Regurgitation

Botis,

Bazmpani,

Daios

et al. 2024

Diagnostics

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Mitral regurgitation (MR), a primary cause of valvular disease in adults, affects millions and is growing due to an ageing population. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has emerged as an essential tool, offering insights into valvular and myocardial pathology when compared to the primary imaging modality, echocardiography. This review highlights CMR’s superiority in high-resolution volumetric assessment and tissue characterization, including also advanced techniques like late gadolinium enhancement imaging, parametric mapping, feature tracking and 4D flow analysis. These techniques provide a deeper understanding of MR’s pathophysiology and its effect on cardiac chambers, enabling CMR to surpass echocardiography in predicting hard clinical outcomes and left ventricular (LV) remodelling post mitral valve surgery. Despite its advantages, CMR’s application faces limitations like cost, lack of standardization, and susceptibility to arrhythmia artifacts. Nonetheless, as technological advancements continue and new evidence emerges, CMR’s role in MR assessment is set to expand, offering a more nuanced and personalized approach to cardiac care. This review emphasizes the need for further research and standardized protocols to maximize CMR’s potential in MR management.

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Section: How To Assess Mitral Regurgitation With Cmrmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Assessment of Mitral Regurgitation

Botis,

Bazmpani,

Daios

et al. 2024

Diagnostics

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Tricuspid valve flow measurement using a deep learning framework for automated valve‐tracking 2D phase contrast

Lamy,

Gonzales,

Xiang

et al. 2024

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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PurposeTricuspid valve flow velocities are challenging to measure with cardiovascular MR, as the rapidly moving valvular plane prohibits direct flow evaluation, but they are vitally important to diastolic function evaluation. We developed an automated valve‐tracking 2D method for measuring flow through the dynamic tricuspid valve.MethodsNine healthy subjects and 2 patients were imaged. The approach uses a previously trained deep learning network, TVnet, to automatically track the tricuspid valve plane from long‐axis cine images. Subsequently, the tracking information is used to acquire 2D phase contrast (PC) with a dynamic (moving) acquisition plane that tracks the valve. Direct diastolic net flows evaluated from the dynamic PC sequence were compared with flows from 2D‐PC scans acquired in a static slice localized at the end‐systolic valve position, and also ventricular stroke volumes (SVs) using both planimetry and 2D PC of the great vessels.ResultsThe mean tricuspid valve systolic excursion was 17.8 ± 2.5 mm. The 2D valve‐tracking PC net diastolic flow showed excellent correlation with SV by right‐ventricle planimetry (bias ± 1.96 SD = −0.2 ± 10.4 mL, intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.92) and aortic PC (−1.0 ± 13.8 mL, ICC = 0.87). In comparison, static tricuspid valve 2D PC also showed a strong correlation but had greater bias (p = 0.01) versus the right‐ventricle SV (10.6 ± 16.1 mL, ICC = 0.61). In most (8 of 9) healthy subjects, trace regurgitation was measured at begin‐systole. In one patient, valve‐tracking PC displayed a high‐velocity jet (380 cm/s) with maximal velocity agreeing with echocardiography.ConclusionAutomated valve‐tracking 2D PC is a feasible route toward evaluation of tricuspid regurgitant velocities, potentially solving a major clinical challenge.

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Investigation of flow behavior in a refrigerator machine room using magnetic resonance velocimetry

Hang-fei

Kang³

et al. 2023

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

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Valvular regurgitation flow jet assessment using in vitro 4D flow MRI: Implication for mitral regurgitation

Cited by 4 publications

References 40 publications

The Role of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Assessment of Mitral Regurgitation

The Role of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Assessment of Mitral Regurgitation

Tricuspid valve flow measurement using a deep learning framework for automated valve‐tracking 2D phase contrast

Investigation of flow behavior in a refrigerator machine room using magnetic resonance velocimetry

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