Valuing the Benefits of Reducing the Risk of Non-Fatal Road Injuries: The Swedish Experience

Persson, Ulf; Norinder, Anna; Svensson, Marianne

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-0665-8_4

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…The negative parameter value of PARTHIR indicates that willingness-to-pay decreases with increased initial risk as absolute risk reduction is held constant. This result supports the empirical results of others [28,29], but rejects the expected utility model as an adequate model for describing individuals' perceptions of risk [30,31]. Theoretically, an increase in initial risk should increase willingness-to-pay ceteris paribus, due to decreasing marginal utility of wealth at increased risk of death.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Whether a PARTHIR= PART HIR, higher initial risk (HIR) will increase or decrease this dU/d(PART HIR)\ 0, or dU/d(PART HIR)B0. The difference in intial utility is unclear: A high initial risk will ceteris paribus entail that higher utility is derived from the risk was only tested on the population interviewed on the subject of colorectal cancer same absolute risk reduction [28,29]. A high initial risk will ceteris paribus entail that less utility is screening derived from the same absolute risk reduction, possibly due to the lower relative risk (for empirical support, see [31,30])…”

Section: Hypotheses Regarding the Nature Of Public Preferencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysing public preferences for cancer screening programmes

Gyrd‐Hansen

Søgaard

2001

Health Economics

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Economic evaluations generally fail to incorporate elements of intangible costs and benefits, such as anxiety and discomfort associated with the screening test and diagnostic test, as well as the magnitude of utility associated with a reduction in the risk of dying from cancer. In the present analysis, 750 respondents were interviewed and asked to rank, according to priority, a number of alternative screening programme set-ups. Focus was on colorectal cancer screening and breast cancer screening. The alternative programmes varied with respect to number of tests performed, risk reduction obtained, probability of a false positive outcome and extent of co-payment. Stated preferences were analysed using discrete ranking modelling and the relative weighting of the programme attributes identified. Applying discrete choice methods to elicit preferences within this area of health care seems justified by the face validity of the results. The signs of the coefficients are in accordance with a priori hypotheses. This paper suggests that large-scale surveys focusing on individuals' preferences for cancer screening programmes may contribute significantly to the quality of economic evaluations within this field of health care.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Hypotheses Regarding the Nature Of Public Preferencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysing public preferences for cancer screening programmes

Gyrd‐Hansen

Søgaard

2001

Health Economics

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“…Furthermore, estimates of Equation (2) can also be used to calculate the optimal price level or the project's impact on revenue from increasing the user fees or water tariff. Following Johnston and Swallow (1999), and Persson et al (1995), WTP is obtained by estimating the payments that would cause the respondent to be indifferent after a single unit increase in an independent variable. This is achieved through setting Equation (2) to zero and then solving for p3.…”

Section: Water Supply In Tanzaniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Willingness to pay to improve domestic water supply in rural areas of Central Tanzania: Implications for policy

Kaliba

Norman

Chang

2003

International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ec

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This analysis estimates willingness to pay to improve community-based rural water utilities in the Dodoma and Singida Regions of Central Tanzania, using Multinomial Logit functions. An estimate ofwillingness to pay provides an indication of the demand for improved services and potential for them being sustainable. Surveys were conducted in a total of 30 villages in the two regions. In the Dodoma Region, about 14% of respondents indicated that they were satisfied with the status quo, 64% suggested increasing water discharge and watering points, and 22% proposed other improvements relating to water quality. In the Singida Region, 31% of the respondents were satisfied with the status quo, 59% wanted deeper boreholes and watering points, and 10% indicated other types of improvement relating to water quality. The Multinomial Logit functions indicated that the interaction between the water quality variable and proposed bids were important in making choices with reference to the type of improvement desired. Respondents who wanted to increase water supply in Dodoma Region were willing to pay 32 Tsh above the existing tariff of 20 Tsh/bucket. In the Singida Region, the analogous amount was 91 Tsh per household per year above the existing user fee of 508 Tsh per household per year. If the tariff or user fees have to be increased, the estimated average potential revenue for the surveyed villages was 252 million Tsh/year (US$265 263) in the Dodoma Region, and 5.2 million Tsh/year (US$5474) in the Singida Region. In the future, strategic planning is needed to ensure that improvements proposed potentially improve cost recovery initiatives and increase the level of consumer satisfaction. Also, care will be needed to ensure that more disadvantaged community members do not suffer unduly from increases in tariff or user fees.

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“…However, most health and safety interventions are not aimed at preventing fatalities, rather non-fatal injuries and ill health. Nonfatalities have been mainly valued in the context of non-work-related events, such as road accidents [5,6]. Such valuations do not cover the breadth of variation in the types of events experienced in the workplace, but equally importantly, they do not account for the context of the event as the prefix 'work-related' could have a considerable impact on the public's valuations of similar events.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Developing a relativities approach to valuing the prevention of non-fatal work-related accidents and ill health

2005

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The aim of the current explorative study is to define and test a process for the valuation of the benefits associated with the prevention of non-fatal work-related accidents and ill health. A relativities approach is adopted, and monetary values for the prevention of three forms of work-related illness are estimated. The approach involves describing relevant attributes of alternative events (accidents or occurrences of ill health), their causes, the characteristics of the relevant working population, and the number of events that are avoidable, and asking respondents to make pair wise choices between alternatives options for prevention. Indirect monetary valuations are obtained against a peg event for which a reliable valuation exists (road deaths).A series of discussion groups were held to identify relevant factors affecting potential valuations and to test the presentation of information. The predicted magnitude of responses for three-case study events (and road deaths) was estimated in a pilot study. These preliminary stages informed the final survey instrument that described five attributes in addition to a statement of the event and occupation, and the likely intervention effect, which was administered by post. Based on a small sample, the results show that virtually all respondents passed the inserted consistency test. The median respondent altered their choice according to the number of events avoided for all three comparisons, such that the estimated valuations appear sensible. Potential amendments are suggested, but the general relativities approach warrants further investigation for the valuation of non-fatal work-related accidents and ill health.

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Valuing the Benefits of Reducing the Risk of Non-Fatal Road Injuries: The Swedish Experience

Cited by 22 publications

References 1 publication

Analysing public preferences for cancer screening programmes

Analysing public preferences for cancer screening programmes

Willingness to pay to improve domestic water supply in rural areas of Central Tanzania: Implications for policy

Developing a relativities approach to valuing the prevention of non-fatal work-related accidents and ill health

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