Values and Practices in Asian Argumentation

Jensen, J. Vernon

doi:10.1080/00028533.1992.11951544

Cited by 37 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Jensen (1992), in his summative study of rhetorical writings of such Asian cultures as Taoism, Confucianism, Buddhism, and Hinduism, concurred with Hazen's conclusion. Jensen found, and thus grounded cross-culturally, such rational argumentation concepts as dialogue with opponents, evidence and reasoning, gathering information and intellectual insights, problem-solving, using logic, and even engaging in formalized dialectical disputation and debate.…”

Section: Rational Argumentation Theory (Rat)supporting

confidence: 70%

Translating scholarship into practice: Communication studies reflecting the value of theory‐based research to everyday life

Cragan

Shields

1999

Journal of Applied Communication Research

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Section: Rational Argumentation Theory (Rat)supporting

confidence: 70%

Translating scholarship into practice: Communication studies reflecting the value of theory‐based research to everyday life

Cragan

Shields

1999

Journal of Applied Communication Research

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“…National cultures are not homogeneous, however; they are made up of individuals, religious and other groupings which exhibit different tendencies. Nevertheless, a sufficiently identifiable core of rhetorical traditions which will allow for the use of the singular label 'East Asia' does seem to exist (Jensen 1992). This grouping is further justified by East Asian researchers themselves using it when contrasting cultural academic expectations (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The adaptation of East Asian masters students to western norms of critical thinking and argumentation in the UK

Durkin

2008

Intercultural Education

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The paper explores the adaptation experiences of East Asian masters students in the UK in dealing with western academic norms of critical thinking and debate. Through in-depth interviewing, students' perceptions of their learning experiences were explored, and stages in this adaptation process were identified, with various entry and exit routes. It was found that the majority of the students opt for a 'middle way' which synergizes their own cultural approach to critical thinking with those aspects of western-style critical thinking and debate that are culturally acceptable to them.

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“…Even the defenders of Chinese argumentation note that "argument from authority has been and is a dominant mode of argumentation in much of Asian discourse" (Jensen, 1992) 11 and that "logical argumentation was not the preferred way of justifying or supporting one's thesis in ancient China. What then was the preferred way of supporting one's claims?…”

Section: Socio--cultural Argumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Founded by Mo Zi in the 5 th century BCE, this school was "relying heavily on deductive patterns" made possible by "their strength in geometry, a firm understanding of class inclusions and quantification, and an interest in science" (Jensen, 1992, relying on Garrett, 1983.…”

Section: Socio--cultural Argumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Universality of Argumentative Reasoning

Mercier

2011

J Cogn Cult

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According to the argumentative theory of reasoning, humans have evolved reasoning abilities (usually known as 'system 2' or 'analytic' reasoning) for argumentative purposes. This implies that some reasoning skills should be universals. Such a claim seems to be at odd with findings from cross-cultural research. First, a wealth of research, following the work of Luria, has shown apparent difficulties for illiterate populations to solve simple but abstract syllogisms. It can be shown, however, that once they are willing to accept the pragmatics of the task, these participants can perform at or near ceiling. Second, historical, sociological and anthropological research has been used to claim that some Eastern cultures have not developed argumentation. These claims are the result of oversimplifications and of a selective view of the data. A closer looks reveals instead very elaborate forms of argumentation, in Chinese culture particularly. Third, cross-cultural psychologists have carried out an extensive research program aimed at showing that Easterners do not rely on the principle of non-contradiction and that they use holistic rather than analytic thinking. A review of these experiments shows that no qualitative difference emerges in the way Easterners and Westerners deal with argumentation and that in the proper context both populations can easily have recourse to holistic or analytic thinking. It is possible to conclude from this critical review that the reasoning skills involved in argumentation seem to be universal even though they can be used in different ways in various cultural contexts. 2Abstract. According to the argumentative theory of reasoning, humans have evolved reasoning abilities (usually known as 'system 2' or 'analytic' reasoning) for argumentative purposes. This implies that some reasoning skills should be universals. Such a claim seems to be at odd with findings from cross--cultural research. First, a wealth of research, following the work of Luria, has shown apparent difficulties for illiterate populations to solve simple but abstract syllogisms. It can be shown however that once they are willing to accept the pragmatics of the task, these participants can perform at or near ceiling. Second, historical, sociological and anthropological research has been used to claim that some Eastern cultures have not developed argumentation. These claims are the result of oversimplifications and of a selective view of the data. A closer looks reveals instead very elaborate forms of argumentation, in Chinese culture particularly. Third, cross--cultural psychologists have carried out an extensive research program aimed at showing that Easterners do not rely on the principle of non--contradiction and that they use holistic rather than analytic thinking. A review of these experiments shows that no qualitative difference emerges in the way Easterners and Westerners deal with argumentation and that in the proper context both populations can easily have recourse to holistic or analytic thinking. It is possi...

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Values and Practices in Asian Argumentation

Cited by 37 publications

References 9 publications

Translating scholarship into practice: Communication studies reflecting the value of theory‐based research to everyday life

Translating scholarship into practice: Communication studies reflecting the value of theory‐based research to everyday life

The adaptation of East Asian masters students to western norms of critical thinking and argumentation in the UK

On the Universality of Argumentative Reasoning

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