Value of Serum Sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) Levels and SIRT1 Gene Variants in Periodontitis Patients

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Periodontitis is a multifactorial inflammatory disease associated with biofilm dysbiosis and is defined by progressive periodontium destruction. Genes largely regulate this entire process. SIRTs are a group of histone deacetylases (HDACs) intimately involved in cell metabolism and are responsible for altering and regulating numerous cell functions. Understanding SIRTs and their functions in periodontitis may be useful for therapeutic treatment strategies in the future. The aim of our study was to investigate the associations amid SIRT1 single-gene nucleotide polymorphisms (rs3818292, rs3758391, and rs7895833) and SIRT1 serum levels for patients affected by periodontitis in the Caucasian population. Materials and Methods: The study included 201 patients affected by periodontitis and 500 healthy controls. DNA extraction from peripheral leukocytes was carried out using commercial kits. The real-time PCR method was selected for the determination of the genotype of the periodontitis patients and the control group. The ELISA method was used to measure the SIRT1 concentration. A statistical data analysis was performed using “BM SPSS Statistics 27.0” software. Results: The SIRT1 rs3818292 AG genotype was associated with a 2-fold and 1.9-fold increase in the development of periodontitis under the codominant and overdominant models (OR = 1.959; CI = 1.239–3.098; p = 0.004; and OR = 1.944; CI = 1.230–3.073; p = 0.004, respectively). The serum SIRT1 levels were not statistically significantly different between subjects in the periodontitis and control groups (0.984 (5.159) ng/mL vs. 0.514 (7.705) ng/mL, p = 0.792). Conclusions: in our study, the genotypes and alleles of SIRT1 rs3818292, rs3758391, and rs7895833 statistically significantly differed between the periodontitis and control groups, exclusively in the male population and subjects older than 60 years.

Oxidative stress and inflammation regulation of sirtuins: New insights into common oral diseases

“…For example, SIRT2 levels were significantly elevated in periodontitis patients, and treatment of periodontal disease increased serum concentration of SIRT1 (Caribé et al, 2020;Kluknavská et al, 2021). Moreover, Kriaučiūnas et al revealed that the gene polymorphisms of SIRT1 (rs3818292, rs3758391, and rs7895833) were associated with periodontitis in the Caucasian population, exclusively in male and in subjects older than 60 years old (Kriaučiūnas et al, 2022). These fascinating results bring more and more attention to the presence and possible modulatory role of sirtuins in periodontitis (Table 1 and Figure 2).…”