Value of Post-transfer Day-12 Beta Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Levels for Pregnancy Outcome Prediction of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection Cycles

Abstract

Background:Several markers were studied previously in order to predict the pregnancy outcome of assisted reproductive techniques; however, serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin was found title be the most predictive marker.Aims:To evaluate the value of serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin levels in discriminating biochemical and clinical pregnancies 12 days after embryo transfer, while determining the factors predicting ongoing pregnancy was established as the secondary aim.Study Design:Retrospective cross-sectional study.Methods:A total of 445 pregnant cycles were retrospectively analysed in 2359 embryo transfer cycles. Patients were divided into two groups according to the outcome of pregnanctitley: biochemical and clinical.Results:The cut-off value of beta human chorionic gonadotropin levels on day 12 in predicting clinical pregnancies was 86.8 IU/mL with 65.1% sensitivity and 74.7% specificity [CI: 0.76 (0.71-0.81). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed different cut-off values for embryo transfer days (57 mIU/mL for day 3 embryo transfer CI: 0.59-0.79 and 87 mIU/mL for day 5 embryo transfer, CI: 0.74-0.86). Subgroup analysis of clinical pregnancies revealed a significant difference between ongoing pregnancies and early fetal losses regarding duration of infertility (81.3±54.4 vs. 100.2±62.2 months), serum oestradiol on hCG day (2667.4±1276.4 vs. 2094.6±1260.5 pg/mL), number of transferred embryos (1.9±0.8 vs. 1.5±0.7) and the prevalence of diminished ovarian reserve as an indication (2.3% vs 12.2%).Conclusion:Beta human chorionic gonadotropin levels on day 12 following embryo transfer provide an important parameter for the prediction of clinical pregnancy; however, other stimulation parameters are indicated in the prediction of ongoing pregnancies.

Association between 7-day serum β-hCG levels after frozen–thawed embryo transfer and pregnancy outcomes: a single-centre retrospective study from China

“…Many studies have suggested that low serum β-hCG levels in early pregnancy are associated with AP outcomes. 5 9 In our study, we observed an overlap of serum β-hCG levels among the AP groups; however, it was difficult to clearly distinguish between the single early SA, EP, and BP groups. This study primarily aimed to investigate the difference in cut-off values between normal pregnancy outcomes and AP outcomes.…”

“…Moreover, they reported that a cut-off value of 86.8 mIU/mL could predict clinical pregnancy. 5 6 Therefore, it was concluded that serum β-hCG level at >500 mIU/mL on the 16th day after ET is associated with a higher rate of OP. Moreover, Løssl et al 7 reported that serum β-hCG on the day of ET was significantly useful in predicting clinical pregnancy than OP.…”

Prognostic value of a serum β-human chorionic gonadotropin cutoff, twelve days after fresh embryo transfer, on predicting live birth among Ugandan women

“…In addition, the cutoff reported by Singh et al [31] and Eskandar et al [32] for ongoing pregnancy was within range of our population. However, the cutoff for clinical pregnancy was 2-fold higher than in other populations, such as: 80.4 mIU/mL [27] , 86.8 mIU/mL [18] , 100 mIU/mL [53] , 123 mIU/mL [46] , and 111 mIU/mL [54] . Equally, the cutoff was ~2-fold higher than reported by others, 131 mIU/mL [46] and 137 mIU/mL [55] , for ongoing pregnancy.…”

“…Several studies have investigated the utility of quantifying serum reproductive hormones, such as Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) [16] , estradiol [17,18] , and progesterone [17] after 12-13 days of embryo transfer. Except for serum β-hCG, the rest of the hormones had limited value as biomarkers for live birth after ART [17] .…”