Value of detecting leukocytospermia in the diagnosis of genital tract infection in subfertile men

Trum, J. W.; Mol, Ben Willem J.; Pannekoek, Yvonne; Spanjaard, Lodewijk; Wertheim, Paulien; Bleker, O. P.; Veen, Fulco van der

doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(98)00163-0

Cited by 71 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…They were selected from a larger group (n 184) participating in a study evaluating sexually transmitted disease as a cause of male subfertility [5]. Permission to conduct this study was obtained from the hospital's institutional review board and all subjects gave their consent to participate [5].…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been proposed that M. hominis could have a role in the onset of non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU), but its sole presence can be considered as commensal [10]. U. urealyticum has been isolated from males with primary and recurrent NGU, but whether a pathological condition can be attributed solely to this species is dif®cult to determine, as U. urealyticum can be cultured from the lower genital tract in a high proportion of asymptomatic males [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cytokine concentrations in seminal plasma from subfertile men are not indicative of the presence of Ureaplasma urealyticum or Mycoplasma hominis in the lower genital tract

Pannekoek¹,

Trum²,

Bleker³

et al. 2000

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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The in¯ammatory response to the presence of Ureaplasma urealyticum or Mycoplasma hominis in the lower genital tract of subfertile men without any signs or symptoms of infection was investigated by measuring the concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, tumour necrosis factor-á (TNF-á) and interferon-ã (IFN-ã) in seminal plasma. Semen samples were collected from 30 culture-positive subfertile males and 23 culture-negative subfertile males. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays showed that IL-8 was present in relatively high concentrations (0.12±4.8 ng=ml) in all semen samples investigated. In contrast, the other cytokines were only detectable in 72% (IFN-ã), 44% (IL-6) and 19% (TNF-á) of the samples and were present in relatively low concentrations (1±410 pg=ml). Seminal plasma cytokine concentrations were similar in samples from culture-positive and culture-negative males. These data strongly indicate that the presence of U. urealyticum or M. hominis in the lower genital tract of subfertile males re¯ects a silent colonisation rather than infection.

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Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokine concentrations in seminal plasma from subfertile men are not indicative of the presence of Ureaplasma urealyticum or Mycoplasma hominis in the lower genital tract

Pannekoek¹,

Trum²,

Bleker³

et al. 2000

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…Although it is widely assumed that LCS is an indicator of genital tract infection, bacteria have been detected in only a minority of leukocytospermic samples (11,24,25). In addition, antibiotic therapy for the treatment of LCS has produced conflicting results (26)(27)(28)(29)(30).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of sexually transmissible pathogens in semen from asymptomatic male infertility patients with and without leukocytospermia

Bezold

Politch

Kiviat

et al. 2007

Fertility and Sterility

217

167

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Objective-To determine the prevalence of pathogens that cause sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in semen from asymptomatic male infertility patients with and without leukocytospermia (LCS), and associations between STIs, inflammatory markers and other semen variables.Design-Retrospective, controlled study. Results-STI DNA was detected in 45/241 (18.7%) of the samples (CMV 8.7%, HPV 4.5%, HHV-6 3.7%, HSV 3.7%, CT 2.5%, EBV 0.4%, and HBV 0%), with no difference in prevalence between LCS and non-LCS groups. STI DNA in semen was associated with a decrease in sperm concentration, motile sperm concentration, total sperm count and neutral α-glucosidase concentration, whereas LCS was associated with a decrease in total sperm count, % normal forms and fructose concentration. Setting-CenterReprint requests: Deborah J. Anderson, Ph.D., Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boston University School of Medicine, 670 Albany Street, Suite 516, Boston, MA 02118, (FAX: 617-414-8481; e-mail: E-mail: deborah.anderson@bmc.org). Capsule: Sexually transmissible pathogens were detected in 19% of semen samples from infertility patients seeking routine semen analyses; their presence was not associated with leukocytospermia, but was associated with reduced semen quality.Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Conclusion(s)-STI pathogen DNA was detected in semen from a high percentage of asymptomatic male infertility patients and was associated with poor semen quality. Efforts to diagnose and treat subclinical genital tract infections should be intensified. NIH Public Access

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“…Nevertheless, there is much controversy as to whether leukocytospermia is closely related to the presence of pathogenic microorganisms (Trum et al, 1998) and whether markers such as leukocytospermia can be interpreted as an aid for the diagnosis of infections in asymptomatic patients (Barratt et al, 1990;Eggert-Kruse et al, 1992;Tomlinson et al, 1992;Aitken and Baker, 1995;Kiessling et al, 1995;Yanushpolsky et al, 1996). A number of studies have specifically excluded a correlation between leukocytospermia and semen quality (Eggert-Kruse et al, 2001;Ludwig et al, 2003).…”

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confidence: 99%

Raised Inflammatory Markers in Semen From Men With Asymptomatic Chlamydial Infection

Kokab

Akhondi

Sadeghi

et al. 2010

Journal of Andrology

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The aim of this study was to determine whether interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 concentrations, as well as numbers of seminal leukocytes in a population of infertile men, some of whom were Chlamydia trachomatis positive, were related to chlamydial infection. Our patient group included 255 men attending for diagnostic semen analysis as part of infertility investigations. Significantly raised levels of IL-8, but not IL-6, were found in C trachomatis-infected patients but not in uninfected patients. Raised IL-8 levels in semen were also associated with an increase in semen volume. There was a relationship between C trachomatis infection and lower progressive motile sperm, as well as an increase in seminal leukocytes. The overall prevalence rate for C trachomatis was 6.2%, and more infections were detected in semen than in first void urine. This study supports the suggestion that IL-8 might be used as a marker for male genital tract infection, especially when due to C trachomatis. In this study, there was a relationship between the presence of C trachomatis in semen and alterations of some semen parameters. Further investigations should be performed to understand the disparities of first void urine and semen testing for detection of C trachomatis in males.

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Value of detecting leukocytospermia in the diagnosis of genital tract infection in subfertile men

Cited by 71 publications

References 14 publications

Cytokine concentrations in seminal plasma from subfertile men are not indicative of the presence of Ureaplasma urealyticum or Mycoplasma hominis in the lower genital tract

Cytokine concentrations in seminal plasma from subfertile men are not indicative of the presence of Ureaplasma urealyticum or Mycoplasma hominis in the lower genital tract

Prevalence of sexually transmissible pathogens in semen from asymptomatic male infertility patients with and without leukocytospermia

Raised Inflammatory Markers in Semen From Men With Asymptomatic Chlamydial Infection

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