Globalization of agricultural markets provides new opportunities for the development of regional producers, and at the same time sets the task of improving production efficiency. Formation of a single economic space in the context of globalization of markets, including the markets for agricultural products, ensures new prospects for regional producers and makes many countries face the goal of improving agricultural production efficiency. In this case, the tasks of primary importance include reduction of costs, increase in the residual value of products. The purpose of this study is to substantiate the prospects of regional potato producers in the context of agricultural markets globalization. The study is based on the data of the Russian Federation for the period 2010-2020. The research methods include such general scientific methods as logical and comparative analysis, review of information and statistical data. According to our calculations, the unused export potential in the aggregate estimate makes 365.3 thousand tons in the total amount of 72.7 million USD. The potato markets of Iraq, Uzbekistan and Ukraine have the largest potential for export from Russia. Implementation of the underused export potential will require an increase in production, which is possible due to the expansion of areas of potato cultivation by 189.8 thousand hectares, or an increase in yield by 26.9%, to 205 t from 1 ha, which is more preferable. The expansion of production will have a positive impact on both the economic indicators of regional producers and the employment of rural population.