Keywords distributed generators, Firefly algorithm, optimization
IntroductionArtificial intelligence optimization methods occupy a prominent place in solving the optimization problems concerning the optimal distributed generation (DG) placement and sizing. Several methods are used for solving the aforementioned optimization problem. In this context, genetic algorithm (GA), tabu search (TS), particle swarm optimization (PSO), ant colony optimization, artificial bee colony (ABC), harmony search (HS) and Firefly Algorithm (FA) are from the most efficient methods used.Genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed in [1] for evaluating the optimal size of multiple DGs in order to minimize the system power loss. GA is applied to solve an optimal multiple DGs sizing and siting problem with reliability constraints in [2]. Paper [3] proposes a GA based method for optimal sizing and siting of DGs in radial as well as networked systems for the sake of power loss minimization. A GA is utilized in [4] to solve the optimization problem that maximizes the profit of the system by the optimal placement of DGs. A GA methodology is implemented to optimally allocate renewable DG units in distribution network to maximize the worth of the connection to the local distribution company as well as the customers connected to the system [5]. A value-based approach, taking into account the benefits and costs of DGs, is developed and solved by a GA that computes the optimal number, type, location, and size of DGs [6].Tabu search (TS) is used to solve the optimal sizing and siting of DG units simultaneously with the optimal placement of reactive power sources in [7]. A stochastic multiple DGs optimal sizes and locations are determined for cost minimization by a combined TS and scatter search [8].A multiobjective with weight method based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) is applied for determining the optimal size and location of multiple DGS in distribution system with non unity power factor considering variable power load models [9]. PSO is used for optimal selection of types, locations and sizes in order to maximize the DG penetration considering standard harmonic limits and protection coordination constraints [10]. A PSO is utilized for cost minimization through the optimal sizing and placement of multiple DG units [11].